Genghis Khan transforms the Mongols into a corporation that manages cities along the Silk Road The Mongol Interlude continued Results of Mongol Conquest 1 Increased Travel a Easier travel all territories managed by one group Faster b Mongol soldiers patrolled the road Safer c More people more business more revenue for Mongols 2 Increased Exchange a Commodities ideas religion b Mongols open up China for rest of the world i Spread Chinese innovations Francis Bacon identifies 3 things that make modern Europe possible Modern Europe A Compass B Printing Press C Gunpowder a Migration and Resettlement b Set up new sites of production closer to the market that required them 3 Movement of peoples 4 Diffusion of Technology 5 Black Death a Thought to have originated in Central Asia b Mongols ate Marmots cause for disease spreading to humans Why is Ebola such a scare World is more global than it ever was so the disease has the potential to spread quickly Consequences of Mongol Decline Mongols push world towards Globalism When they are gone the world falls back to Tribalism Increased barriers reduction in travel New civilization to take control of economic exchange who is going to do it The World in 1450 Post Classical Early Modern By 1400 AD Arab empires have disappeared Mongol empires collapsed Byzantine world on verge of collapse Lecture Outline o Why doesn t it fall in the 1300 s Tamerlane attacks the Turks Where have transitions occurred by 1450 AD Who will replace Arabs Mongols as agents of Globalization China potential candidate o Technologically sophisticated wealthy has the resources Russia potential candidate Ottoman Turks potential candidate Other Civilizations potential candidate Western Europe potential candidate Chinese Voyages of Exploration Ming Dynasty makes sure the Mongols never happen again Voyages re establish contact with Southeast Asia and India o Led by Zheng He Why didn t they go to North America They stopped exploration because the explorers reported that there were no civilizations that could rival China o Not going to reach out for trade because they are afraid of unpredictable change on Why do the Chinese not discover America Confucian mistrust of merchants their culture Geography o It s too far away Disappointing Contacts o Not a lot going on outside of China o China is more advanced Crucial decision Shun Globalization Other investments exploration is expensive Later China has a hard time imitating other cultures because they have never imitated before o Forbidden City o Great way enhanced it to the way it looks today China in Early Modern Period Chooses localization over Globalization Mediterranean Zone Decline of Arab rule Decline of Byzantine rule Rise of Ottoman Turks Fall of Constantinople 1453 Sultan Mehmed II What are the consequences of the fall of Constantinople for Islamic World Western Europe o Now pipeline to continue assault on Central Europe o Strategic commercial and supply center o Increases status of Ottoman Turks o Last remaining Christian commercial center for Western Europe o Cut off from East by the Ottomans o Begin exploration to get around Turks Russia o Imitating Constantinople o Leadership of New Rome falls to Russians o Russians defend Christianity from Ottomans Motivations for Exploration Secondary factors o Kings and Competition If the Portuguese do it then the Spanish have to do it o Christianity Motivates Ferdinand and Isabella Primary Factor o New Sources of Trade revenue Pulling gold out of Mexico to India and China o Direct routes to India and China o No Arabic Middlemen 14 th Century a dress rehearsal for the Columbian Exchange Experimental exploitation Ex Sugar grow on the Canary Islands Investments Venetian Banks borrow money from Venice Workers From Western Africa slave markets already set up Used to have to purchase goods now they get Indians to grow it for them Mongol VS European conquerors Mongols Devastation followed by prosperity Europeans Less destructive conquest followed by poverty o Siphon wealth of India and China End of Lecture
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