Forensic Biology by Richard LiBasicsThe National DNA DatabaseSlide 4Combined DNA Index SystemSlide 6ApplicationsSlide 8EthicsChapter 22: The DNA DatabasesDeveloped to assist in solving violent crimes by creating a network for the exchange of informationCompare DNA profiles electronicallyNational DNA Database (NDNAD)Combined DNA Index System (CODIS)Forensic Biology by Richard Li 2U.K. World’s First-1995Largest number of profiles in proportion to the populationIndexesCrime Scene SamplesOffender SamplesForensic Biology by Richard Li 3EntriesAnyone arrested and detained in connection with a recordable offenseFeb. 20063.4 million offender profiles290, 000 crime scene profilesForensic Biology by Richard Li 4U.S.1998All 50 states participateInfrastructure:Local DNA Index (LDIS)State DNA Index (SDIS)National DNA Index (NDIS)Forensic Biology by Richard Li 5IndexesForensic Index (crime scenes)Offender IndexEntries4.5 million profiles of convicted felons170 ,000 forensic profiles1.5% proportion of the populationRFLP & PCR-based profilesForensic Biology by Richard Li 6Hit- match made databaseCODIS 48,500 (April 2007)Investigation AidedCODIS 49,400 (April 2007)NDNAD 721,495 (Feb. 2006)Ultimate Goal Forensic Biology by Richard Li 7TO SOLVE CRIMESCase-to-case searchingCase-to-offender searchingFamilial searchingUsed in U.K.Forensic Biology by Richard Li 8Entry criteriaRetention of samplesForensic Biology by Richard Li