The Neolithic Revolution A new mode of production the way things are made Outline Human Origins Pre agricultural world Complexities of agriculture How it spreads Agriculture re orders life Progress Is it really progress of become more globalized How does agriculture change the human condition Spread from Africa to other places Mode of production Hunting and gathering Hunter and gatherer phase 2 5 million 10 K BC Evolutionary period Different Humanoids Homo Sapiens smart beat others by technology and Neanderthals Increasing sophistication of tools Migration 20 30 people Origins of Agriculture 3 different places Iraq Mesopotamia Wheat and barley domesticated China Yangta Rice domesticated Central Mexico Corn Maize domesticated Why does agriculture spread slowly Infrequent Contact also they don t have the same language 1 2 Unsuitable Terrain no water 3 Nomadism Entrenched people are set in their ways so they reject agriculture Neolithic Revolution The Stone Age method of making tools Mode of production Agriculture How does agriculture re order society Increased Workload 3 5 hours spent hunting and gathering VS 8 12 hours spent with agriculture Increased Food Supply Allows communities to get larger 1 2 3 Re order Gender Role Moved from gender equality to patriarchy men are dominant Men hunt Women spend more time at home with babies this makes them subordinate Women gather 4 Alcohol surplus so people are capable of doing other things Recreation and enjoyment 5 Urban Settings People living closer together 6 New Cultural Outlooks Seasons are more important to people Example Origins of Seasons Hades and Persephone Demeter is the goddess who makes things grow Hades takes Demeter s daughter Persephone to the underworld which makes Demeter sad so everything starts to die Zeus intervenes and only allows Hades to take Persephone to the underworld for a certain amount of time and this time is when winter occurs on Earth 7 Environmental Transformations people begin to make dams cut down forests 8 Specialization of Labor more occupations crop up and people can do jobs for food Important Agriculture as Progress Beginning of patriarchy Women have no place in society Population Density Greater availability of goods BUT disease spreads easier Environmental Damage Swidden Agriculture Slash and Burn leaves soil without nutrients Critical Features Population Increase Surpluses lead to manufacturing
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