Unformatted text preview:

Realism Socialist thinking in 19th c 1848 Marx and Engels communist manifesto Proletariat working class does all the physical labor for comparatively small pay Upper class collects most of the profit without hard labor proposed classless society as ideal Stylistic choices and thematic content influenced by socialist thought Materialism idea that no metaphysical forces control the world4 Science technology and economics new France rises to center of artistic activity art academies abolished by French Revolution but reinstituted by Napoleon previously used to serve political cultural purposes 17th c French academies Salon official exhibition of academic products made with regard for tradition 1885 Paris International Exhibition realists had their own exhibition Depiction of subjects as they appear in everyday life In revealing the truth may emphasize the ugly sordid Step towards showing reality historical refinement replaced with realistic forms At first response to Realism extremely negative Emergence of avant garde styles Gustave Courbet The Stone Breakers 1849 1850 idea that the common man is not doing well should have voice in parliament intellectually charged but common man as subject sympathetic to workers they are monumentalized and celebrated here figures working on road construction project teenage boy seen condemned to simple labor already rough surface of paint treatment rough and rocky mimics the rocks depicted uses radical unacceptable techniques relief like movement L to R on same plane left leg behind right leg movement hidden boy plane hidden within plane hill destroys sense of pictorial space lack of depth light coming from front shadows at edges of forms function as lines contours so figures are flattened the anti painting figures are turned away from viewer defeat of drama Jean L on G r me Pollice Verso 1872 Ancient Roman subjects title means thumbs down judgment given to gladiator in ancient Rome figures do not seem to engage with viewer Gustave Courbet A Burial at Ornans 1849 1850 burial but subject unknown figures faces rugged show they are country folk isocephallic composition lack of depth casket is not highlighted hard to identify figures connected from left to right of picture plane no break up of horizon line except for staff are the figures on dark part of cross begins on horizon line is it sitting on top of figures have no modulation of shadow appear like cardboard models the horizon line horizon severe lack of drama drama depth Rosa Bonheur The Horse Fair 1852 1855 trees and figures breaking up plane of horizon in foreground figures with stronger light and dark contrast but figures still stretch across plane working against depth douard Manet Le D jeuner sur l herbe 1862 1863 intended to shock judgmental middle class fruits have sexual symbolism glaring light high horizon line men wearing black absorbing light so they seem 2D ground plane tilted up rough treatment of paint contours very aware of paint surface which later leads to Impressionism woman gives viewer defiant look men not fazed by presence of nude woman natural resembles a famous contemporary model and is not a supernatural or mystical being stripes on pants create contours and emphasize flat surface black jacket absorbs all light douard Manet The Fifer 1866 anonymous flute player in Imperial Guard influenced by Japanese prints douard Manet Portrait of mile Zola 1868 emphasizes flatness Thomas Eakins The Gross Clinic 1875 Philadelphia College of Medicine drama using traditional side lighting treatment of osteomyelitis greasy haircuts doctor is refined individual shadow cast on head is a technique to imply deep thought The Late 19th century Impressionism and Post Impressionism The Belle poque beautiful era period in France from late 19th c up to WWI decadent existence of the upper class Photography airplanes Exploration of atheism agnosticism Stronger sense of nationalism Women demand more equality Impressionism grows out of Realism Concept of childhood as developmental stage dependency beginning in 18th c Post Impressionism has stylistic divergence draws upon Impressionism Natural philosophy science Mathematical basis Social artistic circles ex Pre raphaelites Social fanaticism remains but less focus Synthetic pigments have pure color Improvement in purity of color can observe physics of color Emergence of color theory ex color wheel Complementary opposite Renaissance Baroque no color theory Scientific approach to light Focuses on capturing light color in particular moment capture exact appearance of lighting Technique take portable easel outside and paint what is seen Had to paint quickly to capture particular moment Capturing perception of the moment Analyzing components of observable light color Painting in series to show progressive light change Stand for hours with easel in front of subject Brushstroke technique Post Impressionism rejects Realism and Impressionism Post Impressionists depict personal view of the visual world free emotional expression Primitivism influence of non Western primarily African art Claude Monet Impression Sunrise 1872 defines early Impressionism contains no recognizable subject sunrise with sun off center industrial machinery in background illusion of distance de saturated blues in back mixed with white red color gradually shifts to being more saturated the closer it is to the viewer imitates reflection of sunlight on water dashes make illusion of distance fall apart primary colors red yellow blue contrast of pure orange and pure blue sun appears to be moving forward optically color interaction complementary colors side by side intensify each other Claude Monet Rouen Cathedral series 1894 more than 30 paintings in the series captured essence of moment finished later from memory morning sunlight strong light on fa ade multitude of decorative carvings shown on fa ade translation of optical phenomena over time paint is scrubbed onto the surface features many different colors created by the sunlight multiple depictions of the cathedral intensify observed colors douard Manet A Bar at the Folies Berg re 1882 evidence of social motivation subject depicted is bar maid new urban occupation subject s empty stare tells of the emptiness of human life realization of the shallow nature in glamorous nightlife scene other woman may or may not be reflection may be serving drink or being flirted with questioning of the morality in women s new roles increased casual contact


View Full Document
Download Realism
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Realism and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Realism 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?