HDFS 201 LECTURE 10 A Basic Recipe for Resilience Ordinary human resource and protective factors Close relationships with caring competent adults Committed families Healthy human brain in good working order Opportunities to succeed Effective schools and communities Beliefs in the self nurtured by positive interactions with the world Resilience in Developmental Science Rebound elasticity bend but don t break bounce back from trauma Absorb disturbance and reorganize and persist in a similar state Shock came but you get back to where you were Adaption and survival of a system after perturbation Restoring functional equilibrium Successful transformation to a new functional state Positive adaptation in the context of risk or adversity overcome it Processes of Resilience To be at risk you have to be exposed to something traumatic but to be resilient you have to Coping with challenges Recovery from catastrophe Posttraumatic growth Achievement of good outcomes among people at high risk for failure or maladaptation Positive development Predicting Outcomes of Risk Timing dose duration how old were you was it sensitive or critical period how traumatic was it Individual differences in reactivity Individual differences in personal resources Personality and cognitive skills and sex differences Contextual factors family friends community culture and the conditions for recovery Developmental Cascades Competence begets competence Snowball effects Spreading consequences over time From one domain or function to another One level of function to another One system to another One generation or cohort to another When you do something good it feeds in to a system bio psycho social spiritual when you invest in a positive way in one thing it makes other things positive as well The capacity of a dynamic system to adapt successfully to disturbances that threaten system function viability or development This carries the connotation of good outcomes Can be positive or negative Matsen s Resilience Definition Value Judgments Risk Has there been risk How much Timing dose duration as indicators Comorbidity of factors Significant predictors may influence basic processes Cumulative risk Is the person doing OK Who says In comparison to whom People in same at risk neighborhoods Normative developmental tasks of importance External standards culture and sub cultural variants Internal well being Why doesn t deployment of resources to avert risk count as resilience Common standards of psychopathology Harm to self or others Distress Normativity Who gets to decide Client centered vs practitioner centered models Ethics and law Risk Resilience Gradient Risk variables likely reflect assets or resources as well Risk factors tend to co occur Not only with other risk factors But with reduced resources Interesting Cases The off gradient individuals Outliers Off gradient resilient Off gradient poor adjustment Hallmarks of Competence Good peer relationships Academic achievement Commitment to education and purposive life goals Early and successful work histories Competence develops over time Expectations change with increasing maturity Peers academic performance Work competence Romantic relationships civic engagement How Can You Tell If Someone Is Doing Well Subjective well being happiness Accomplishment Financial achievements Competence is multi dimensional FREUD to work and to love Competence Begets Competence Competent people have a positive manifold of positive self concept higher self esteem positive personality traits better social understanding better attention regulation planning and creative thinking They also have more external resources like good relationships with adult support outside of the family Competent individuals are less likely to face severe adversity in comparison to less competent peers If they were exposed to adversity they were more likely to have or mobilize the resources for positive adaptation We Are Preset For Resilience In a benign environment relatively free from adversity nearly everyone appears to do quite well with the exception of individuals who have severe liabilities Developmental principles and systems have built in redundant safety nets Summary of Multiple Studies The presence of protective factors appears to be more important than adversity exposure per se Adversities that undermine harm or damage key promotive or protective influences carry the greatest dangers for maladaptive outcomes in development Transition times are particularly important Developmental Cascades Function in one area or level of a system can spread to another level or domain as a result of the dynamic interplay across levels and functional domains Work competence in adulthood is linked to academic and social competence concurrently and earlier with childhood social competence showing strong predictive significance for later work success Success in romantic relationships had earlier roots in childhood competence in multiple domains Effective parenting in early adulthood is linked to social competence in childhood which in turn was linked to receiving good parenting in childhood Homelessness and highly mobile Risks often accumulate in the lives of individuals negative cascades Risks Dementia A family of diseases involving impairment of cognitive and behavioral functioning Global term for neurological disorders in which primary symptoms involve deterioration of mental functions All involve biochemical or structural changes in the brain Demented or severely impaired thinking Dementias associated with aging are normally progressive 10 reversible Alzheimer s disease is most common Different kinds of dementia manifest in different ways because they have different causes Stages of Dementia Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 General forgetfulness for names places losing things compensation by lists organization Mild impairment Greater memory problems including STM attention problems greater confusion word substitutions denial common possible transformation of personality Memory impairment truly dangerous Full term care needed Can t care for basic needs nutrition dress medications Aging and Dementia Alzheimer s disease Most common subtype of dementia Accounts for 50 70 of all cases Senile plaques Neurofibrillary tangles Warning signs Getting lost Having trouble managing money Paying bills Alzheimer s Disease Serious impairment of behavioral and cognitive functioning Progressive irreversible brain disorder characterized by gradual