What you need to know Be able to identify the division between the Netherlands Identity the religions in both Flanders and Holland and be able to tell how each religion affected the commission of art in both regions Also be able to identify popular artists of the 17th century and describe their art Terms Genre Painting Intimate Genre Painting Still Life games or precious objects Pronk still life a type of painting depicts ordinary life in domestic settings a smaller type of genre painting that depicts ordinary activity in private settings an arrangement or organization of inanimate objects such as fruits flowers a type of ostentatious or gaudy still life which represents various and exotic inanimate objects that represent excessive wealth or luxury Golden Age of Dutch Art the collection of art produced by Rembrandt Frans Hals and Jan Vermeer Camera obscura Wet into wet a dark box with a convex mirror in which light can enter through a small hole to form an external image a type of painting style in which paint is applied to already wet paint Additional Information Discussion Questions The Netherlands was divided by political cultural and religious differences Into which two regions did the Netherlands divide The Netherlands divided into two regions Flanders southern Netherlands and Holland northern Netherlands What was the religion of Flanders and Holland Flanders remained Catholic while Holland had the Reformed religion On what was the art of Flanders based What was Holland s Flanders art was based on the commission of religious patrons however Holland art was based on the commission of merchants For what was Holland known Holland was known for its tolerance in religion Although it had the Reformed religion Holland also accepted Catholicism and Judaism Peter Paul Rubens Who was the most important Flemish artist of the 17th century that was known for his religious paintings portraits and fleshy figures Peter Paul Rubens was the most important Flemish artist of the 17th century that was known for his religious paintings and fleshy figures Describe the painting style of Rubens Rubens uses an excessive amount of drama emotional exuberance movement and naturalistism depicted in his compositions Describe characteristics of Ruben s Raising of the Cross A Baroque Flemish piece Ruben s Raising of the has a lot of tension movement and emotional exuberance The muscular fires is often compared to MIchelangelo s figures in the Sistine Chapel The diagonal structures within the composition demonstrates dynamism movement and tension The areas the light hit shows the importance of the figures Describe how Rubens uses light in his portrait Marchesa Brigida Spinola Doria Rubens uses light to emphasize the wealth of Marchesa in his portrait Marchesa Brigida Spinola Doria Clara Peeters During the 17th century art began to be categorized from the highest to lowest form How were still lifes categorized in the 17th century IN the 17th century still lifes were considered to be one of the lowest forms of art WHich flemish artist was known for her still lifes Flemish artist Clara Peeters was known for her still lifes Describe characteristics of Peeters Still Life with Flowers and Fruit Peeters STill LIfe with Flowers and Fruit is an arrangement of flowers fruit coins and a singular knife Peeters uses tenebrism and naturalism as she emphasizes the textures of the objects Why did Peeter create Still Life with Flowers and Fruit It is believed that Peeter created Still Life with Flowers and Fruit to commemorate her own wedding What is the significance of the coins and knife in Still Life with Flowers and Fruit The coins and knife help ascertain the time and location that Peeter s composition could have been set in THe knife is also used for ceremonial purposes as a wedding or betrothal gift Jan Davids de Heem Which artist was known for his pronk still lifes Jan Davids de Heem was known for his pronk still lifes Which still life of Jan Davids de Heem demonstrates his virtuous ability in painting various and exotic objects Jan Davids de Heem s pronk still life Still life with Exotic Birds demonstrates his virtuous ability in painting various and exotic objects Frans Hals Who was the first artist to apply a quick brush stroke to his paintings which suggested sketchyness or movement to his paintings Frans Hals was the first artist to apply a quick brush stroke to his paintings which suggested sketchyness or movement to his paintings Who were the Civic guard The Civic guard was a military group that defended their home however they now serve as a symbolic presence as they hold meetings instead of fight in battles Describe characteristics of Frans Hals Banquet of Officer Civic Guards Frans Hals Banquet of Officer Civic Guards captures the emotional exuberance and interactivity between the naturalistic figures The repeated diagonal of the flag in the background and the sashes on the guards suggests movement and dynamism while the curtains represent the theatrical setting of Baroque art The use of tenebrism can be seen as the light shines on each individual figure Known for painting figures in bars what style did Hals use in the Jolly Rancher Hals uses the wet into wet technique which is basically painting on oil while the paint is still wet Rembrandt For What was Rembrandt known Rembrandt was known as the second best print maker in Holland aside from Durer What is the significance of the use of extreme light and shadows in Rembrandt s Nightwatch The use of light and shadows highlights the more important characters in Rembrandt s Nightwatch The use of tenebrism also led to a more dramatic and moody piece What are the deep shadows in Rembrandt s Hundred Guilders Paint symbolic towards The deep shadows in Rembrandt s Hundred Guilders Paint are symbolic towards the peoples thoughts and suffering Jacob van Ruisdael Who was a famous landscapist who was known for his dramatic city views Jacob van Ruisdael was a famous landscapist who was known for his dramatic city views Describe characteristics of Ruisdael s Jewish Cemetery Ruisdael s Jewish Cemetery was partially fantastical however based on reality The landscape reflected the developing interest in the Jewish community The intense drama in the best is best described by the gloomy sky ruined buildings and dead trees Rachel Ruysch Who was another famous female artist that was known for her still lifes Rachel Ruysch was another famous female artist that was known for her