ART 1001 ART 1001 Introduction to Introduction to Fine Arts Fine Arts Professor Darius A Spieth Professor Darius A Spieth Art History Program Art History Program LSU School of Art LSU School of Art The Renaissance in The Renaissance in Northern Europe Northern Europe Geo political situation in Northern Geo political situation in Northern Europe Flanders and Burgundy Europe Flanders and Burgundy during the 15thth Century Century during the 15 Rise of cities and commerce Rise of cities and commerce Altarpieces in the Northern Altarpieces in the Northern European tradition European tradition Private devotional images Private devotional images The rise of portraiture The rise of portraiture Burgundy Flanders Burgundy Flanders in the 15thth Century Century in the 15 Burgundy Political Political Burgundy designation Duchy of designation Duchy of Burgundy today Belgium Burgundy today Belgium and the Burgundy region in and the Burgundy region in France Rh danien corridor Rh danien corridor France Rh ne Rhine cultural Rh ne Rhine cultural center center Ruled by Philip the Ruled by Philip the Good 1396 1467 Good 1396 1467 Art patronage Art patronage Burgundy Flanders Burgundy Flanders in the 15thth Century Century in the 15 Great economic prosperity Great economic prosperity trade especially wool especially wool through trade through trade trade Rise of cities mercantile class mercantile class Rise of cities Invention of stock exchange Invention of stock exchange Bourse credit instruments Bourse credit instruments No tradition of classical art No tradition of classical art humanism as in Italy humanism as in Italy Instead interest in images images Lingering Medieval pre Lingering Medieval pre occupation with sin damnation occupation with sin damnation and redemption and redemption A moralizing form of art A moralizing form of art Instead interest in devotional devotional Van Eyck Van Eyck Ghent Altarpiece Ghent Altarpiece Jan Van Eyck Ghent Altarpiece Ghent Altarpiece Jan Van Eyck closed view Saint Bavo closed view Saint Bavo Cathedral Cathedral Example of a polyptypch Ghent completed 1432 Oil o wood Ghent completed 1432 Oil o wood polyptypch an an Example of a altarpiece with multiple wings altarpiece with multiple wings hinged panels hinged panels Religious function Religious function altarpiece a a altarpiece as as backdrop for celebration of Mass celebration of Mass backdrop for Opened for religious Opened for religious ceremonies ceremonies Sundays Easter etc Sundays Easter etc Closed view during regular days Closed view during regular days Private commission donors Private commission donors Jodocus Vyd and Isabel Borluut Jodocus Vyd and Isabel Borluut Burgomeister Burgomeister mayor and his mayor and his wife of wife of Ghent Ghent Van Eyck Van Eyck Ghent Altarpiece Ghent Altarpiece Complex iconographic iconographic Chapel built by couple to Chapel built by couple to receive receive the altarpiece the altarpiece Complex program program Center panels Annunciation Center panels Annunciation Scene Scene Left Angel Gabriel white Left Angel Gabriel white lilies virginity lilies virginity Right Virgin Mary with dove Right Virgin Mary with dove Spirit Spirit Background view of the town Background view of the town of of Ghent Ghent Typical Northern Renaissance Typical Northern Renaissance Biblical scenes are situated in the Biblical scenes are situated in the context of local culture context of local culture Holy Holy Van Eyck Van Eyck Ghent Altarpiece Ghent Altarpiece Donors in praying Donors in praying pose pose included kneeling in the included kneeling in the lower left and right lower left and right hand hand corner corner Sculptural figures in Sculptural figures in center Old Testament center Old Testament prophets Zachariah and prophets Zachariah and MicahMicah Gothic tracery Gothic tracery Van Eyck Van Eyck Ghent Altarpiece Ghent Altarpiece View of the same Ghent View of the same Ghent altarpiece by Van Eyck altarpiece by Van Eyck opened opened Top Top register register Central panel God the Central panel God the Father in Heaven in papal Father in Heaven in papal tiara tiara Left Virgin Mary as Left Virgin Mary as Queen of Heaven Queen of Heaven Right St John the Baptist Right St John the Baptist Choir of angels Choir of angels Adam and Eve Adam and Eve Emphasis on visual Emphasis on visual splendor splendor Van Eyck Van Eyck Ghent Altarpiece Ghent Altarpiece Bottom register Bottom register Center panel Sacrificial Center panel Sacrificial lamb lamb symbol of Christ symbol of Christ Foreground prophets L Foreground prophets L twelve apostles and martyrs twelve apostles and martyrs red robes R red robes R Background Virgin martyrs Background Virgin martyrs in in and and Holy Confessors Holy Confessors Side panels Four cardinal Side panels Four cardinal Virtues from left Virtues from left Judges panel Justice Judges panel Justice Knights panel Fortitude Knights panel Fortitude Hermits panel Temperance Hermits panel Temperance Van Eyck Van Eyck Ghent Altarpiece Ghent Altarpiece Iconographic Iconographic complexity complexity deliberate deliberate Splendor of rendition Splendor of rendition Jewel like quality of Jewel like quality of dress dress ornaments gilded ornaments gilded haloes haloes Painstaking detail Painstaking detail Northern European Northern European landscapes landscapes Metaphor for riches in Metaphor for riches in Van Eyck Van Eyck Portraiture Portraiture Jan Van Eyck Man in a Man in a Jan Van Eyck Red Turban 1433 oil 1433 oil Red Turban o wood o wood Portraiture Portraiture conventions conventions from altarpieces relaxed from altarpieces relaxed Secular private art Secular private art Smaller scale Smaller scale Possibly the first Possibly the first painted painted Western self portrait Western self portrait since since Antiquity 1 000 years Antiquity 1 000 years Van Eyck Van Eyck Portraiture Portraiture Discovery of the self Discovery of the self Important step in modern Important step in modern Consciousness Consciousness Original frame with Original frame with inscription As I can As I can inscription Vanity turban Greek Vanity turban Greek letters letters but Flemish words but Flemish words Use of mirror see Use of mirror see Lacan ss Lacan 20 20thth century century psychoanalyst psychoanalyst cultural theoretician cultural theoretician theories theories on the self on the self Van Eyck Van Eyck Portraiture Portraiture Jan van Eyck Giovanni Giovanni Jan van