Poli 2053 Exam ONE 1 15 13 Eric s notes until 1 24 As a rule comparative politics evolved out of diplomatic history which led to international relations Behavioralism o Star analyzing human choice which is exported into study of politics Start seeing voter turnout analysis o How has the system failed Munck states that something got lost Everyone was so obsessed with individuals and organization that they lost the Study of the State The State was once again studied in the 1960s o Every public agencies goal is survival i e Marijuana legalization threatens the survival of the Drug Enforcement Agency o Computers allow us to store data that we never had before and thus we begin to do more 1980s statistical analyses Rational Choice Theory o Based on Game Theory Prisoner s Dilemma Rob a store with a friend and you are both arrested You are being questions separately If neither rats each other out then you are both free But if one rats the other out one is free and the other is jailed If both rat each other out then both are jailed Case Study Methods o There are what we will be doing o Studies of specific countries at a specific time and trying to learn lessons and then Appling them to other countries 1 17 13 Democracy Monarchy o There are two different types of democracy direct and representative o The American definition is different from the definition of Europe o Government of the people for the people by the people President Lincoln o In certain countries the monarchy is elected such as Pre 1805 Germany o Not purely about hereditary power o Divine Right of Kings o Legitimacy does not come from the people but if you lost support of the people then your France England etc legitimacy can be questioned o In Europe same social issues as the United State but they take the U S conservative view on Liberal o Liberal and conservative are used different in the United State than rest of the world o Classical liberal Anti establishment Pro Free Market Anti Tax Legislation economic freedom Conservative o In Europe and South Asia Conservative are traditionalist on social issues Anti abortion Traditional family Openly o Trend to have close ties to one or more religious groups o Very much for restrictions on business o Up until 1980 s conservative were party of the rural man in Europe Socialist Communist o Don t have this much in widespread United States o Communist want to kill business men while Socialist would rather just regulate them to death o Frequently force to ally with liberal or conservative coalitions to gain or keep power Most of Middle Eastern countries came into existence in a British board room Occurred around 1965 as a part of the last days of the British Empire o British had no concern for the natural inhabitant of the Middle East at the time of it s division into separate states Saudi Arabia o British French ally against Ottoman Empire o Great Arab Revolt of 1960 o Sharif Ali of Mecca says that when they win the war Arabia will be his and the Hashemites Britain agrees with this demand o Meanwhile The British are negotiating with Ibn Saud to defeat the Ottoman Empire Britain offers Ibn Saud the same deal as Sharif Ali o Sharif Ali and Ibn Saud both defeat the Turks and win Arabia A civil war erupts between them in Arabia as a result Saud dynasty becomes Saudi Arabia o Britain makes Ali and his sons the leaders of Syria and Jordan o French are left out of the plunder Dispatch their army and navy to take Syria from Sharif Ali s family British give French the northwest Corner of Syria the keep Israel and give Iraq to Ali o In the 1920 s Saudi Arabia is pretty much bankrupt Then a U S geologist finds Oil in the 1920 s o There is a hereditary absolute monarchy that rules a large area of people and land o Three Things Ibn Saud has that tribes do not British League of Nations Connections Guns Money Modern British airpower and airtillery Controls all oil rights in Saudi Arabia o Dynastic Succession Must name an Heir In Saudi Arabia they had 45 sons who all wanted to ascend to the throne Ibn Saudi chooses his most talented son Stability problem A monarch does not want to leave a mess for their successor Want to leave them with a dynasty that cannot collapse o How do you unite tribesmen Question faced by Saud dynasty Military dictatorship will not be stable Theocracy is when you turn power over to religious leaders This was the type of government the Ottoman Turks had Not acceptable because of potential revolt out of fear of returning to Turk rule Ruled by Money Buying off any of those who oppose Saud rule Buying alliances o Key problems facing Saudi Arabia today Government is much more centralized Bureaucratic government Serious threat to any middle eastern society Ba ath Party o Born during WWII o Committed to democracy anti monarchy o Founded by Aflaq o They want Saudi dynasty out of Saudi Arabia o United by nationalism They want everyone who is not Arab to get out of Arabia o Committed atheists they do not want mullah running things o Economic views are similar to the National Socialist o Combined a little bit of communism with a lot of Nazism o They take Egypt Libya Iraq and Syria People are gradually factionalizing Support is eroding from Saudi rules o How do you preserve the dynasty 1 22 13 King Abdullah and Saudi Arabia o Current monarch in Saudi Arabia o Do not want to be like Iran Iran is a hardcore theocracy you will be stoned for breaking Sharia or Islamic law o Do not want to be like Turkey Military dictatorship created after Ottoman Turk Empire collapsed Saudi rulers want to be liked they are very British in their thinking o Bribery Anyone who does not like them will be payed off This is what they choose to do to remain in power and free from revolt o Saudi population beginning with Iranian revolution in 1979 is starting to doubt the Saud dynasty s rule Shiites have thought about breaking away and forming their own Republic Iran supports them on this o Saudi rulers have looked toward the idea of a constitutional monarchy out of popular public opinion Gave women the right to vote Offered educational opportunities for women Government contracts were more transparent They did all of this to appease western reforms o Big Concern for a regime like Saudi Arabia Have not been treated equally by western society The internet allows reformers to communicate with the west and establish support for their revolution in the west We are seeing this in Syria currently o Succession Goal of