MIS Final Study Guide Chapter 7 Best Practices Core Activities Enterprise System ERP Core Components Business Process Management Downstream Information Flow an information system that integrates A systematic structured improvement Enterprise Resource Planning ERP an information system that spans the entire organization the activities within a value chain that process inputs and procedures and processes used by business organizations that are widely accepted as being among the most effective and or efficient approach by all or a part of an organization including a critical examination and redesign of business processes in order to achieve dramatic improvements in one or more performance measures such as quality cycle time or cost produce outputs including inbound logistics operations and manufacturing outbound logistics marketing and sales and customer service an information flow that relates to the information that is produced by a company and sent along to another organization such as a distributor business activities across departmental boundaries including planning manufacturing sales marketing and so on and can be used to integrate business processes activities and information across all functional areas of a firm activities of an organization for producing products and services primary external activities of an organization for dealing with suppliers and customers activities with customers suppliers business partners and others who operate outside and organization s boundaries Internally Focused System areas business processes and decision making within an organization Inter organizational System IOS across organizational boundaries Make to order process based on sales orders Make to stock process based on demand forecasts or service Procure to pay process from external vendors Service oriented architecture SOA a software architecture in which business processes are broken down into individual components or the set of processes associated with selling a product the set of processes associated with producing goods the components of an ERP that support the internal an information system that supports functional the set of processes associated with producing goods the set of processes associated with procuring goods an information system that coordinates business the components of an ERP that support the information system that communicates ERP Extended Components Externally Focused System Order to cash process a system that focuses on the specific needs of an business activities that enable the primary activities to services that are designed to achieve the desired results for the service consumer Stand alone application individual department and is not designed to communicate with other systems in the organization Support activities take place Support activities include administrative activities infrastructure human resources technology development and procurement received from another organization such as from a supplier comes with out of the box knowledge of other organizations systems enabling machine to machine interaction over the Internet a component that allows data to be accessed without intimate the features and modules that a packaged software system a collection of interlocking company value chains an information flow consisting of information Value System Vanilla version Upstream information flow Web service Chapter 8 Collaborative CRM Computer Aided Design CAD Business to business marketplace Computer Aided Engineering CAE Analytical CRM Bullwhip effect a trading exchange operated by a third software used to create design drawings and systems for analyzing customer behavior and perceptions in order to provide business intelligence large fluctuations in suppliers forecasts caused by small fluctuations in demand for the end product and the need to create safety buffers party vendor not associated with a particular buyer or supplier systems for providing effective and efficient communication with the customer from the entire organization three dimensional models during the product design process the process of building prototypes during product development control the production process of a product part of operational CRM that provides a central point of contact for an organization s customers employing multiple communication channels to support the communication preferences of customers processes that occur before during and after sales between a supplier and multiple customers designed to create and maintain lasting relationships with customers by concentrating on the downstream information flows through the introduction of reliable systems processes and procedures an enterprise portal designed to automate the business software used to complement or replace the use of information systems to a corporate level strategy Customer Relationship Management CRM Computer Aided Manufacturing CAM Customer Interaction Center CIC Customer portal Radio Frequency Identification RFID Operational CRM Product Flow Electronic Data Interchange EDI Extensible Markup Language XML the use of electromagnetic energy to a data presentation standard that allows CRM systems to support the day to day sales systems for automating the fundamental business a subset of an organization s extranet designed to automate addressing the customers issues during the first call a method to optimize ordering quantities so that parts or the digital or electronic transmission of business documents and related data between organizations via dedicated telecommunications networks designers to create customized features that enable data to be more easily shared between applications and organizations First Call Resolution Just In Time JIT raw materials arrive just when they are needed for production processes marketing sales and support for interacting with the customer the movement of goods from the supplier to production from production to distribution and from distribution to the customer transmit information between a reader and a processing device used to replace bar codes and bar code readers Sales Force Automation SFA activities of an organization Supplier Portal the business processes that occur before during and after sales have been transacted between a single buyer and multiple suppliers Also referred to as a sourcing portal or procurement portal Supply Chain a product from the suppliers of raw materials to the suppliers of intermediate components to final production and ultimately to the customer