Anthropology101 Chapter 11 12 Quiz Chapter 11 12 1 India s recent economic transformations are resulting in A the development of new occupations and the reduction of the number of castes from four to three B Widespread rioting as the social order collapses C the decrease of social mobility and a hardening of caste boundaries D the development of new occupations and the increase of the number of castes from four to six E the development of new occupations and social mobility that are challenging the power of caste boundaries to maintain a system of stratification Answer Key E 2 Social patterns entrenched in hierarchy and stratification have emerged A only more recently in human history when compared to egalitarian social patterns B mostly in societies with a strong principle of reciprocity C most prominently among hunter gatherer societies D much earlier in human history when compared to egalitarian social patterns E as the basis of Amish and Hutterite communities Answer Key A 3 Stratification and inequality became A less pronounced in all societies over recent centuries due to the efforts of the Amish and Hutterites to spread egalitarianism and reciprocity around the world B more pronounced in countries like Norway Sweden and Denmark as a result of efforts to redistribute wealth by decreasing social benefits C the dominant societal form in hunter gatherer societies early in human history D more pronounced in industrialized capitalist economies over recent centuries resulting in the concentration of wealth in the hands of fewer people E less pronounced in industrialized capitalist economies over recent centuries resulting in more egalitarian distribution of wealth in those societies Answer Key D 4 Which of the following is a system of power based on wealth income and status that creates an unequal distribution of a society s resources A ethnicity B sexuality C race D gender E class Answer Key E 5 A famous redistribution ceremony that is commonly practiced among Native American groups such as the Kwakiutl of the Pacific Northwest is called A potlatch B Dalit C proletariat D habitus E caste Answer Key A 6 Which of the following consists of wages earned from work plus dividends and interest on investments along with rents and royalties A wealth B income C profits Anthropology101 Chapter 11 12 Quiz D investments E wages Answer Key B 7 Which of the following is defined as a closed system of social stratification in which members are organized into hierarchically ranked groups with unequal access to rewards and privileges based on ascribed status A caste B class C race D ethnicity E gender Answer Key A 8 The unequal distribution of a society s resources within a class system typically A involves sharing of resources through random lottery B does not affect individuals life chances C is not intersected by race and gender D involves moving surpluses steadily downward into the hands of the poor E involves moving surpluses steadily upward into the hands of the elite Answer Key E 9 Redistribution can be described as A a form of exchange in which goods are collected from the members of the group and reallocated in a different pattern B a pattern of exchange in which the parties seek to receive more than they give C aims to build social relationships with an obligation that the object returned will be of proportional value D exchanges that are made through bonds of affection including among kin without the expectation that they will be repaid in kind E practices that reallocate resources among a group to maximize collective good Answer Key A 10 Emilio Moran s Anthropological Center for Training and Research aims to A interview Himalayans about how they are coping with water shortages B train anthropologists to develop advanced technologies for measuring climate change C teach scientists ethnographic skills and methodologies so they can study climate change D use anthropological skills to study changing uses of Amazonian fields across time E produce sustainable goods to limit use of coal in British factories Answer Key D 11 Horticulture is defined as A food production involving the domestication of animals B subsistence based on hunting fishing and gathering C cultivation strategy with nonintensive use of land and labor D practicing farming involving mechanization E cultivation involving permanent cultivation of the land 12 The notion of the modern world system was developed by A Karl Marx B Adam Smith C Immanuel Wallerstein D John Keynes Answer Key C Anthropology101 Chapter 11 12 Quiz E Henry Ford Answer Key C 13 Generalized reciprocity can be described as A aims to build social relationships with an obligation that the object returned will be of proportional value B a pattern of exchange in which the parties seek to receive more than they give C practices that reallocate resources among a group to maximize collective good D exchanges that are made through bonds of affection including among kin without the expectation that they will be repaid in kind E a form of exchange in which goods are collected from the members of the group and reallocated in a different pattern Answer Key D 14 Pastoralism is defined as A practicing farming involving mechanization B food production involving the domestication of animals C cultivation involving permanent cultivation of the land D subsistence based on hunting fishing and gathering E cultivation strategy with intensive use of land and labor Answer Key B 15 Dependency theory is best defined as A a strategy by which wealthy nations would spur global economic growth by alleviating poverty by investing in former colonies B a continued pattern of unequal economic relations despite the formal end of colonial political and military control C a critique that argued that despite the end of colonialism the underlying economic relations in the global economy had not changed D a theory that predicts that former colonies would progress along the same lines as the industrialized nations E a term used to suggest that poor countries are poor as a result of their relationship to an unbalanced global economic system Answer Key C 16 Underdevelopment is best defined as A a continued pattern of unequal economic relations despite the formal end of colonial political and military control B a critique that argued that despite the end of colonialism the underlying economic relations in the global economy had not changed C a term used to suggest that poor countries are poor as a