What you need to know Be able to explain the events that took place during the 16th century between the Catholic and Protestant religions Examine characteristics of European art Be able to discuss artists and their works such as El Greco Albrecht Durer Joachim Paitin and Pieter Bruegel the Elder a style of art that is true to life depicting life straight from nature Terms Naturalism Iconoclasm the destruction of images World Landscape Inverted Perspective a type of landscape that depicts mountains lowlands water and buildings a type of perspective in which the subject is placed in the background of a composition Additional Information Discussion Questions The 16th Century in Context How does Spain change in the 16th century Spain Becomes a global power of politics and religion in the 16th century How did the Catholic and Protestant Reformations affect the regions in Northern Europe Because of the Catholic and Protestant Reformations some of the regions in Northern Europe became divided France and Spain remained Catholic while Germany England and the Netherlands were Protestant Who started the Protestant Reformation Martin Luther started the Protestant Reformation How did the radicals of the Protestant reformation feel about Catholic art The radicals of the Protestant reformation called for a destruction or an iconoclastic movement of Catholic art Which art form did radical Protestant reformers destroy the most Sculpture was destroyed the most by radical Protestant reformers Artists and their Works How did painting change in the 16th century During the 16th century painting became less regions and more sculpture What were the subjects of paintings in the 16th century Still life landscapes and other secular pieces became the subjects of painting in the 16th century What is a characteristic of Northern European art Northern European art is extremely detailed Which tapestry weaving in the 16th depicts a Unicorn The Unicorn in Captivity is a tapestry weaving that is meant to be in a cloister What are different interpretations of the Unicorn in Captivity It is often debated that the Unicorn in Captivity represents the crucifixion of Christ It is often debated that the Unicorn in Captivity is a celebratory piece for a bride and groom El Greco and The Burial of Count Orgaz Who was one of the best known painters in the 16th century El greco was one of the best known painters in the 16th century His hometown was the center of learning and the Catholic Reformation What was his hometown called El greco s hometown was Toledo Describe the realms that make up El Greco s Burial of Count Orgaz The Burial of Count Orgaz is made up of three realms The earthly realm which features the saints surrounding Count Orgaz The heavenly realm which features the angels and Count Orgaz ascending The physical realm which features the grave which rests underneath the into heaven piece How role to the saints play in The Burial of Count Orgaz The saints serve as an intersection between the heavenly and earthly realms Describe the figures within The Burial of Count Orgaz The figures within the piece are very elongated Describe what effect the composition of The Burial of Count Orgaz has on viewers who look into it The compressed space and upward movement forces the viewer to look up towards the painting as they come into the chapel Albrecht Durer Albrecht Durer was one of the most crucial figures in the German Renaissance What abilities did Durer possess as an artist Durer was a oil and water color painter and a printmaker What type of art was Durer best known for Durer was best known for his prints What beliefs did Durer have about artists Durer believed that the ideal artist was a humanist scholar What did Durer want to achieve with his Self Portrait Durer wanted to assert his piety and seriousness of art in his Self Portrait What is one of Durer s most debated pieces Melencolia is one of Durer s most debated pieces Netherlands During the 16th century the Netherlands became divided by religion Which half of the Netherlands was Catholic and which half of the Netherlands was Protestant The southern half of the Netherlands was Catholic The northern half of the Netherlands was Protestant Joachim Patinir What is the subject of Patinir s altarpiece The Penitence of St Jerome The subject of Patinir s altarpiece is the landscape How would you describe background of The Penitence of St Jerome The background of The Penitence of St Jerome is a world landscape Pieter Bruegel the Elder Which painter is known for his secular compositions of peasant life landscapes and allegories Pieter Bruegel is known for his secular compositions of peasant life landscapes and allegories What are different interpretations of the Bruegel s peasantscapes It is often debated that Bruegel s peasantscapes are insulting caricatures It is often debated that Bruegel s peasantscapes represent the importance of peasant life
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