CHAPTER ONE Communication Essential Human Behavior Chapter Outcomes Define the communication process Describe the functions of communication Assess the quality or communicative value of communication by examining its six characteristics Describe what communication scholars consider to be competent Describe the various visual representations or models of communication communication Describe why communication is vital to everyone The Functional Perspective How we use communication in relationships Expressing affiliation Achieving goals Influencing others Characteristics of Communication Communication is symbolic Both language and behavior are symbols Communication requires a shared code People construct messages encode and interpret messages decode language Communication is linked to culture Culture includes shared beliefs practices values and Communication need not be intentional Spontaneous unintentional communication occurs through emotions or body movements Communication occurs through various channels Channels include face to face e mail text messages books and so on Communication is a transactional process It requires two or more people acting in both sender and receiver roles Competent Communication Is Process Oriented Optimizes outcomes for both partners with mutual satisfaction the goal Values ethical standards of right and wrong Appropriate and Effective Adapts to the situation behavioral flexibility Helps achieve goals based on the situational context Tied to well developed communication skills Requires understanding of social norms and behaviors Related to using technology Requires using the right channel appropriately The Study of Communication Basic communication process Interpersonal communication Group and organizational communication Public speaking Mass communication