Hadith comprised after death rival of Ali Shi s don t like him BPM 610 629 632 632 34 634 44 644 56 656 61 661 756 Quraysh tribe rules mecca for 5 years Recieves MSG from Gabriel Conquest of Mecca Muhhamad Dead Abu Bakr s Ridda wars Umar Ibn Al Khattab consilidates tribes Uthman Ibn Affan assinated and considered tyranical focued on economic prosperity Ali Ibn Abi Talib fights A isha in battle if the camel 656 Mu awiya 657 battle of siffen Ummayad Caliphate Rule 661 680 683 692 692 705 717 720 Mu awiya relies on tribal leaders w few gov offices denies shura to keep power designates son to take over after him Abdallah ibn al zubayr wins spoorters through Syria Is Khariji a group of ppl on Ali s side purists extreme Abd al Malik creates imperial state universial islamic coinage united empire under one language Arabic 690 creates dome of the rock Umar II ibn Abd al Aziz civil unrest grrants right to non arabs most praisworthy 750 1268 Abbasid Caliphate Rule 754 775 749 unfirrel black banners and sweep in Iraq Abu Jafar al Mansur 760 Moves capital to baghdad 762 63 Ends large scale shi a opposition Taxation Policies large scale trade with Syria and Irq creation of roads and h20 ways mosques not as intricate resort to propoganda Abu Hamza jizya head tax on non muslims kharj land tax for both muslims and non muslims Tanukhi The Story of a Tax Collector import and export duties in cirse use of collection taxes on cities use only war high ammounts of money on military Baghdad had a crap load of cash Jahiz Baghdad under the Abbasids 861 870 six caliphs in 4 years turnove Middle of 19th century Money spending Waqf Awqf 50 60 of properity by Ottoman Empire is waqf Jafar Al Sadiq Sixth imam and dies under Abbassid rule Creates Isma ili forces after his death Mihna 833 861 last crusade brought about by the Ottomans 934 1062 SPLIT BUYAHIDS Were a shi a dynasty along side Abbasids Iran Irq w military style gov 969 1171 SPLIT FATMIDS Egypt Isma ili Shi s leader is imam and does not recognize caliphate most citizens follow sunni Built the Al Azahar mosque complex The Greatest Sunni Islamic School 966 1021 Al Hakim bi Amir Allah He iniates all into Isma ili orders killing of all dogs in egypt Druze wait on his return ordered that alll of the work in Cairo only to be night 4 main schools of Islam Mardrasa Hanibal the most conservative Hanfi the most liberal two books in ea Law school one on religion one on social schools usually passed down by families and represent sects shafi i S A Yemen Syr and Pal Maliki N Afr W Afr Kuwait Bahrain 11th century Seljuks They are the Turks who take over Baghdad use religious rhetoric to gain support Seljuks move into Anatollya and become Seljuks of Rum Fight Fatmids in Egypt Battle of Mankizert 1071 Byz get stomped by Seljuks Malik Shah 1055 1092 Omar Khayyam 1048 1132 Nizam al muluk 1064 1092 Hassan Sabah 1050 1124 Almut his city 1171 1341 Ayyubid Dynasty sunni run by Turks holding costal Med Salah al Din 1138 1093 the first sultan of Egypt and Syr and founder sent into Egypt by Zhengid dynasty and Nur al din then rejects him later Zhengid Dynasty 1127 1250 the levant strengthns sunni Muslims and Est many madrasas many fights with crusaders Cirac des Chevaliers crusade castle in Syr Fortress held by kurds then Kinght Hospiteller crusades proxy war of minorities ruling majorities similar to Buyyaids and Fatmid rule 1453 1919 Ottoman Empire 2nd wave of Turks corsses oxus river from traxonia and bring Ottoman Empire 1258 1324 Osman est Sultinate and timar system Timar system sets up sipahi as a form of tax farming 1 Anx land 2 gve to ally 3 give army3 months yr 4 timar holds gvrnd land 1263 1328 Taqi al Din Ibn Taymiyya chief of Hanbali school believes in strict monism prophits should not be given veneration image of god no response to mongols not premissable jihad vs them but obligatory ottoman state has large ammounts of burecratic wings household Tokapi Palace in Istanbul 1453 Mehmet the Conqueror gets Istanbul massacres of Christans and Jews 1517 Ottomans conquer Cairo 1494 1566 Suleiman The Magnificent est Iltizam system Tax farms sold off to eliete Askeri 3 major divisons 1609 crap load of provinces with ouwn kanunname 17 18th centuries delegation kept out in alt provinces Malikane system in 18th century Sells debt to provincal capitals Fucking Tulips Wali position of governor solt to highest bidder Bey holds pwr in Egypt not Ottomans 1730s 80s huge boom in construction in Egypt Syrian and Balkins too 1774 Treaty of Kuck Kaynarca Rus To prtct christans in empire 1770s 80s Beys begin to produce own coins 1789 1809 Selim II tries to create the Nizam al cedid 1798 Napoleon invades Egypt 1805 1848 Mehmet Ali rules Egypt 1809 1839 Mahmud II 1811 kills as many mamluks as possible reconquers Mecca and Medina 1820 fights Greek war of independence for Ottomans inspires Mahmud II creates the Nizam al Cedid new army put in plce gave the Ottomans more pwr to iniate rfrms system of defensive developmentism Tanzimat Reforms under Mahmud II Millet System Jews and christians Religious leaders consilidated into state 1839 equal tax for all based on wealth self gov Huge increase in burecracy Guilds Gone 1838 Treaty of Balta Lama shows brit Influence and tarrif contol 1858 Land reform into 5 types of land Middle of 19th century 1876 European controlled Publc debt admin 1876 1909 Abuhamid II Hamidian reforms Burecracy shifts to a lberal one more liberal you are more likely to be in Mulk prvatly owned land st dsnt own all Miri St owned land Waqf comes under scrtnty tries to dspse Metruk bedouin land to be rdstrbted Mevat Misued land to be rdstrbted abandoned Communication and transport imprvmnts built by foreigners begin to lose sovereignty rfrms ottoman to dmcrtztion cnstutnlsm 1876 cnstution and parliament 18 mnths later disolved establishes st schools mass increase to printed mats press huge increase in ltrcy rate national courts police sclr law codes est 1881 82 Urabi Revolt backlash to Egyptian bnkrptcy brtsh supress 1901 D Arcy oil concession by Iran 1896 76 Ahmet Cevdet Pasha writes the Mecelle 16 Volumes of codefication of Islamic Law Imposed Hanfi school of Islam new court system est under Nizamiye 1908 Committee of Union and Progress The Young Turks have confidence learned indvdls can fix Ottoman empire call for rstblishment of constitution of 1876 constitution is restored under Abdul Hamid due to revolt in Salanka balfur declaration Sykes Picot between Fr And Brit on