List of Important Things for the Final Important People Clovis Germanic ruler of Rome who gains political legitimacy by choosing Catholic religion Constantine ruler of Rome who created the Edict of Milan offered Christians protection under law Muhammad Prophet of Allah who started the religion Islam Emperor Henry IV feud with Pope for right to appoint Bishops Excommunicated from the Catholic Church until he begged for forgiveness Pope Gregory VII Excommunicated Emperor Henry IV Price Vladimir United people of Russia and chooses Christianity as his source of political legitimacy St Cyril and Methodius Created the Cyrillic alphabet so Russia could become Christian Rama IX imitates a virtuous ruler in order to imitate the prestige of India Malcolm X Radical civil rights leader who made the Hajj gathering of many different races which changed his view on wanting African Americans to have their own separate schools and neighborhoods Mansa Musa King of Mali in West Africa who chose to imitate Islam King John forced to sign the Magna Carta which helped establish the first parliament in England Vasco de Gama a man from Portugal who made a voyage to India in 1498 in order to purchase goods without going through Islamic middlemen Ibn Battuta goes on the Hajj and eventually travels to China Afterwards he publishes a book on his travels Marco Polo travels from Venice to China by land Eventually returns to Europe and publishes a book on his travels but nobody believes him Odin leader of Viking gods Thor warrior god Vikings who is the embodiment of masculinity Valkyries female demi gods Vikings who fly on battlefield and find honorable men s souls and take them to Valhalla Eric the Red Viking who was kicked out of Norway and establishes a place in Iceland but is eventually kicked out of there too Lief Erikson Viking who founded Vinland Newfoundland first European in North America Charlemagne ruler of France who conquers so much territory that he cannot defend it all Alfred of Wessex first European from England to defeat a Viking invasion Al Hakim attacked and burned the Church of Holy Sepulcher helped to start the Crusades Emperor Alexios I Ruler of Constantinople who asks the Bishop of Rome to send missionaries to help fight off the Turks Pope Urban II hold the Council of Clermont in order to reverse the Great Schism and send people to help Emperor Alexios I Raymond of Toulouse powerful figure of the Crusades from France One of the armies from the first Crusade Godffrey of Bouillon One of the armies from the first Crusade Hugh of Vermandios One of the armies from the first Crusade Jeffrey Bohemend One of the armies from the first Crusade Salah al din Saladin unifies Islam by giving them a common enemy the Christians in Jerusalem Genghis Khan Mongolian creator of a system of global trade using the Silk Road Unified the Mongols and other nomads Zheng He led expeditions to re establish contact with Southeast Asia and India Sultan Mehmed II conquered Constantinople in 1453 Ferdinand and Isabella motivated by Christianity they send people to explore new lands Civilization Zones of the Post Classical Period Great Civilizations Imitator Societies o Byzantine World o China o India o Middle East o Southeast Asia o Japan o Russia o Western Europe The Rest o Americas o Africa o Australia and Oceania World Religions Examples o Buddhism o Christianity o Islam Borrowed from China Writing Technology Social Ideas Confucianism Borrowed from India Writing Religion and Political Statecraft Imitate the Byzantine Empire borrow writing and religion Imitation is different part of a great empire that collapsed so it already has some of the tools for a great civilization Things it has from Rome Latin and Religion Things it borrows Classical Learning Technology Architecture largely from Islamic mosques Causes for the spread of world religion o Collapse of Political Authority o Missionary Activity o Religion as a political or commercial tool The West What makes it different o Roman Catholic Christianity o Parliamentary Feudalism o Commercial Independence The Paradox of Exceptionality o Western Europe has the true faith o Western Europe is behind The Dilemma o Dependent on Islamic middlemen o Lack of Resources o Balance of Payments issue The Vikings Why were they successful o Adaptation o Naval Technology o Metallurgy o Paganism o Weak European States Effects of the Viking Age o Fortress Europe o Christianization of Scandinavia o Norman conquest of Europe The Crusades Why did the Crusades occur o Conditions in Western Europe Fortress Europe massive military build up Increase in piety Reconquista o Conditions outside of Europe Church of Holy Sepulcher Battle of Manzikert Effects on Islam o Hostile attitudes towards the West o Weakens Arab world in advance of the Mongols Effects of Europe o Christian Schism widens o Opportunity to imitate Islamic world o Trade connections with the East o Survival of Christianity The Mongols Effects o Increased Travel o Increased Exchange o Movement of peoples o Diffusion of Technology o Black Death Consequences of Mongol Decline o Increased Barriers Reduction in travel o Who s going to take control of economic exchange Early Modern World Transitions 1450 o Arab empires have disappeared o Mongol empires have collapsed o Byzantine world on the verge of collapse Potential Candidates to replace Arabs Mongols o China o Ottoman Turks o Russia o Western Europe o Islamic World o Western Europe o Russia Effects of the fall of Constantinople 1453 New pipeline to continue assault on Central Europe Begin of Exploration to find a way around the Ottomans Imitates Constantinople 3rd Rome