Chapter 9 Flash Cards for terms Exam 3 Study Guide Know where most Hispanic Americans live in the United States The most being in California and Texas 8 Million or more The least being in Alaska Mid West area less than 100 000 The Economic Picture Latino median household income has gradually increased over the last 25 years Latino households can expect to earn about 70 cents to the dollar that their white counterparts earn Hispanic households average less then 12 cents for every dollar in wealth owned by white non Hispanic households Have fewer financial fallbacks to rely on Proportions of Latinos in poverty have been two or three times that of White non Hispanics over last quarter century The Growing Political Presence Following 1975 Federal law now requires bilingual or even multilingual ballots in voting districts where at least 5 percent of the voting age population or 10 000 people do not speak English Although many Latinos are interested in voting many aren t eligible to vote under the U S Constitution because they are noncitizens Democrats have been most successful in garnering the Hispanic vote 67 percent of Latinos backed Democrat candidate Obama in first term election Cuban Americans o Immigration 2010 more than 1 7 million people of Cuban birth or descent lived here 3 significant influxes of large numbers of immigrants through the 1980 s First Wave the initial exodus of about 200 000 Cubans after Castros assumption of power lasted about three years This halted after Cuban missile crisis Second Wave An agreement between the United States and Cuba in 1965 produced the second wave through a program of freedom flights specially arranged charter flights from Havana to Miami Through this wave 340 000 refugees arrive bwtween 1965 and 1973 Third Wave The 1980 Mariel boatlift has been the most controversial More than 124 000 refugees fled to Cuba in the freedom flotilla President Carter stated to Cubans that they were welcomed with open arms and an open heart Castro started sending prisoners and mental patients over The Current Picture Cubans Cubans have college completion rates that are twice those of other Latinos Most Cubans are living in Miami compared to other parts of United States As of 2008 49 percent of all Cubans lived in the Miami area 20 percent lived Miami itself now has a Hispanic majority of 62 percent of the total elsewhere in Florida population Most problems in south Florida with Cubans has been with each other other Cubans other than to Whites African Americans or other Latinos Central and South Americans Immigration o Since the mid 1970s increasing number of Central and South Americans have fled unrest o In about 1978 war and economic chaos in El Salvador Nicaragua and Guatemala prompted many to seek refuge in the United States Current Picture Cen And South Amer Two issues have clouded the recent settlement of Central and South Americans o First Many of the arrivals are illegal immigrants Among those uncovered as undocumented workers citizens from El Salvador Guatemala and Colombia are out numbered only by Mexican Nationals o Second Significant numbers of highly trained and skilled people have left these countries which are in great need of professional workers South Americans as a group are better educated than most Hispanics But Central Americans have less formal schooling Review the following Black and Latino Latino and Americans Episode 6 Census slideshow Chapter 11 Flash Cards for terms Muslims Islam has approximately 1 6 billion followers worldwide and is second to Christianity among religions Muslims make up about 23 of worlds population Both Christians and Muslims are monotheistic based on a single deity Both Christians and Muslims believe in prophets though not the son of God Muslims see Muhammad as the last in a long line of prophets Abraham Moses and Jesus preceded him Saaudi Arabia is home of the House of Allah or Ka aba 1 6 to 1 7 million or about 5 percent of all African Americans are Muslims Estimated that around 10 of African Slaves were Muslim Black Muslims Malcolm X Originally member of the Nation of Islam Especially remembered for taking the position that Blacks must resist violence by any means necessary which was much different then MLK s nonviolence position Chapter 12 Flash Cards for terms Review the following The Rise of Asian Americans Kings Dream Remains Elusive Goal 9 slides Review the line graphs on Race Demographics in order to see data on how Racial gaps have narrowed in high school graduation rates life expectance Racial gaps have widened in marriage rates income and wealth levels Racial haps have remained little changed in poverty and homeownership and voter turnout rates