Communication 209 Exam 2 Study Guide Turkle What does it mean to be tethered to our always on always on you communication devices pg 122 o We are tethered to our always on always on you communication devices and the people and things we reach through them people web pages voice mails games artificial intelligences non player game characters interactive online bots These very different objects achieve a certain sameness because of the way we reach them Animate and inanimate they live for us through tethering devices always ready to mind and hand The self attached to its devices occupies a liminal space between the physical real and its digital lives on multiple screens The rapid movement from physical to a multiplicity of digital selves through the metaphor of cycling through With cell technology rapid cycling stabilizes into a sense of continual co presence What is a private media bubble pg 122 o The presence of our tethering media signal that we do not want to be disturbed by conventional socially with physically proximate individuals What does it mean to say that the cell phone check in enables the new other directness p 128 o The cell phone is always available and there is a high probability that one will be able to reach a source of validation through it It is understood that the validating cell conversation may be brief just a check in but more is not necessarily is desired o At the moment of having a thought or feeling one can have it validated Or one may need to have it validated And further down a continuum of dependency as a thought or feeling is being formed it may need validation to become established o The validation of a feeling already felt and enabling of a feeling that cannot be felt without outside validation are becoming commonplace rather than marked as childlike or pathological Chapter 3 by Toma Hancock pg 42 3 The three corollaries related to motivational processes o The motivation to control others impressions should increase as the importance of the goals increases For instance if one perceives finding a marriage partner as more important than connecting with friends one will be more motivated to carefully control one s online dating self presentation than one s self presentation on friendship related websites such as Facebook o The anticipation of future interacting with others should increase the motivation to control how others see the self This is the case because people who are a more stable presence in one s life are more likely to affect the fulfillment of one s goals The online environment facilitates encounters where there 1 an anticipation of future face to face interaction such as online dating 2 an anticipation of future online but not face to face interaction such as many discussion boards or blogs and 3 no anticipation of future interaction such as anonymous chat The anticipation of future interaction whether face to face or mediated should result in greater motivation to control impressions than when there is no anticipation of future interaction o Publicness or the degree to which one s behavior is visible to others should increase motivation to manage impressions Public behaviors are more likely to be relevant to the accomplishment of goals than private behaviors and hence people should be more motivated to control them The online environment can render online behaviors completely anonymous in a way that is impossible in face to face settings Online environments can also offer a considerable degree of publicness to people who may never have such arenas for public behavior in face to face environments Two steps in the construction process pg 43 o 1 Self presenters first need to decide how they want to come across to their audience and 2 then to implement this desired image by engaging in various self presentational strategies Two factors determining construction of a desired image pg 43 4 o The first step in image management occurs a priori to the actual self presentational behaviors people decide how exactly they want to be perceived by their audience Two factors determine the construction of this desired image how self presenters see themselves and what they perceive the values of their audience to be In other words self presenters select out their repertoire of self images the ones they think will best mesh with the values of their audience Three dimensions of self concept pg 44 dimensions when constructing their desired image and research has shown that they Self concept self presenters can choose characteristics from all these three tend to strike a balance between presenting themselves candidly or presenting themselves at their best potential More motivated self presenters impress the audience using aspects of their ideal self o The actual self which consists of characteristics one currently possesses o The ideal self which consists of characteristics one would like to and could posses in the future o The ought self which consists of characteristics one thinks one should possess given social norms and expectations from others Two ways communication media effect self presentation pg 44 5 o Communication medium affects self presentation the key characteristics of face to face self presentation is that it is embodied meaning that the physical self is directly displayed in terms of 1 content or what gets presented and 2 delivery or the manner in which the self presentation is conveyed to the audience o Information about self presenters physical appearance can be transmitted via photographs can never portray reality the way we see it with our own eyes because they are bi dimensional and generated by technologies that differ from the way our eyes operate or textual self descriptors participants describing their appearance verbally Since photographs and verbal representations of one s self can be easily manipulated online it is referred to conventional signals or statements that are not costly to produce and hence easy to fake What piece of personal information was most misrepresented in dating profiles pg 52 o Physical attractiveness is highly prized within the dating world particularly for women and online environments enables daters to present an optimized version of themselves As a result a full 81 of the daters in our sample misrepresented their height weight or age The element that was most frequently misrepresented was weight with about two thirds of the participants presenting inaccurate weight measurements Compared to height and