Anatomy and Physiology Exam 3 Urinary System NAME DATE TA SECTION Multiple Choices The urinary system eliminates all of the following except A Nitrogenous Waste B Drugs C Polar Bodies D Toxins E The urinary system eliminates all of the above All of the following are structures in the urinary system EXCEPT A Kidneys B Ureters C Bladder D Urethra E All of the above are structures of the urinary system What structures enter the kidney through the renal hilum Which of the following is are type s of nephrons in the kidney A Ureters B Veins C Arteries D Urethra E A and B only F A B and C A Medullary B Cortical C Renin D E A and B F B and D Juxtamedullary This is the step of urine formation where water glucose and other ions are transported out of filtrate in into cells which enter the capillary bed A Glomerular filtration B Tubular filtration C Tubular Reabsorption D Glomerular reabsorption All of the following are secreted substances except A Potassium B Penicillin C Creatine D Chlorine E Sodium F All are secreted substances All of the following are normal solutes found in urine except A Bicarbonate B Hydrogen C Sodium D Potassium E Ammonia F All of the above are found in urine G None of the above are found in urine If is found in urine something is wrong A Sodium B Potassium C Glucose D WBCs E A and D F C and D Blood composition depends on A Cellular metabolism B Diet C Urine output D Water intake E All of the Above F A B and C only Which of the following are bodily acids A Phosphoric B Lactic C Ureic D Fatty E All of the above F A and B only G A B and D Matching 1 Triangular region at the base of the bladder where the ureters and urethra connect 2 Walls of this expand without increasing pressure 3 Supplies the Kidney with blood 4 Extends from the Bowman s Capsule to the collecting duct 5 A coil of Capillaries surrounded by the Bowman s Capsule 6 Most Nephrons are 7 This nephron releases renin 8 Cover the capillaries and Renal tubules 9 Goes trough the peritubular capillary beds 10 Rate of flow through the kidney 11 Sign of Diabetes 12 Movement of materials from peritubular capillaries into renal tubules 13 Volume of plasma which a substance has been removed by the kidneys per unit of time 14 Clearance of a freely filtered fully secreted and not reabsorbed substance 16 Voiding or urination 17 Relaxes after the bladder stretches 18 Needs to be relaxed in order to void 19 Contains everything plasma does except proteins 20 Red Blood cells in the urine 21 Leads to liver disease and hepatitis 22 Regular osmolality in body fluids 23 Minimum amount of water excreted from the body per day 24 Maximum osmolality 25 Located in the hypothalamus and becomes more active as osmolality increases 26 Located on the basolateral membrane ALWAYS 27 When ADH is present in blood this is on the apical membrane 28 Kidneys cannot regulate blood due to hypertension at 29 JG apparatus regulates A Bladder B Juxtamedullary C 1400 mOsm L D Podocytes E Glucose in urine F Secretion G Trigone H Micturition I Internal Urethra Sphincter J Cortical K External Urethral Sphincter L Filtrate M Renal Tubule N Obligatory Water loss O Glomerulus P Renal Plasma Filtration Rate Q Osmoreceptors R Glomerular Filtration Rate S Clearance T Efferent Arteriole U Aquaporin 3 V Aquaporin 2 W Renin Angiotensin Mechanism X 1800 mmHg Y Bilirubinuria Z Renal Artery AA 300 mOsm L BB Hematuria True False Aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal gland Aldosterone regulates water in the urine With in the first 2 months a newborn has concentrated urine It is possible that the child will not be able to control bed wetting until 4 years of age 60 of UTIs occur from E Coli in the urinary tract E Coli is good in the GI tract because it expands the tract allowing for more room and digestion Kidneys function to filter urine The ureters excrete urine from the body The prostate gland in males is around the neck of the urethra The Left Kidney is lower then the right because of the liver placement The Distal convoluted tubule travels around the afferent arteriole Vasa recta capillary beds include Juxtamedullary and cortical nephrons The peritubular capillary beds are for absorption and not filtration Glomerular filtration is a non selective passive process Tubular secretion occurs in the distal convoluted tubule 80 of glucose reabsorption happens in the proximal tubule If the amount of solute excreted per minute is less than the filtered load the solute was secreted Urine forms in the Kidneys Destruction of nitrogen leads to urochrome The specific gravity of urine is 1 01 1 35 Water follows potassium in reabsorption The minimum osmolality is 300 mOsm L The minimum water loss is 470mOsm L which makes it possible to eliminate non reabsorbale solutes The descending limb of the CCM is permeable to water The descending limb transports sodium potassium and chlorine Aquaporin are located in the proximal tubules of the collecting ducts When GFR is below 80 mmHg it can lead to Kidney failure usually from dehydration Angiotensin II causes vasodilation Angiotensin II causes the release of ADH ADH is used in water reabsorption ANP is an antagonist against aldosterone Acid base balance occurs in the bladder Buffers are molecules that react to changes in hydrogen ion concentration Increased blood acidity causes decreased reabsorbing of bicarbonate Fill in the Blank 1 Regulates calcium in urine and activates VitD3 2 Kidneys are fully developed by the after childbirth 3 A Child voids to times a day when their urinary system is not fully developed 4 At months the voluntary urethral sphincter works 5 The bring urine from the kidneys to the bladder 6 The bladder can hold of urine and expand to 5 inches when full hormones per minute 7 The muscle makes up the bladder wall 8 A sits on top of each kidney and secretes the 9 About passes through the bladder 10 The receives blood from the Bowman s Capsule and brings it to the Loop of Henle 11 The Capillary beds include the and 12 The collecting duct delivers urines to the and the renal beds pelvis 13 Glomerular filtration rate is mL min or L day 14 The process which H K and creatine are removed from the blood and secreted is commonly known as 15 The proximal tubule has a which allows for greater surface area for reabsorption 16 of water reabsorption happens in the proximal tubule 17 GFR is measured by clearance 18 Renal Plasma Filtration rate is measured with and is about 550 650 mL min 19 The initiation of bladder reflex
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