Final Exam Study Guide Spring 2014 URP3000 02 1 Land use classification establishment Ch 9 Land Use Classification o Site developed is characterized by land use o Typical Land Use Categories Agricultural Residential Industrial Commercial Institutional o Now seeing a shift towards more mixed use Community facilities and government agencies Land Use Classification Usually divided into more specific categories Ex single family housing multi family housing retail commercial light industrial Beginning to see a blend mix o Controlled at the local level Categories may vary from community to community Depending on types of land uses available and the needs However some areas demand a mix of uses Consider o Downtown Government places to eat breakfast lunch dinner clubs offices game days o Suburbs o Corporate Office Parks o Small Towns 2 The purpose of zoning Ch 9 Sets legal requirements Establishes development requirements for the lot Limit density and intensity Sets permitted uses what s allowed and conditional uses what needs to be approved Make sure basics are met lot size setbacks frontage use house house size on site parking buffering landscaping 3 Differentiate between a zoning map and the zoning text Land Development Code Ch 9 Zoning Typically two types Zoning Map the pretty Very general Ex Picture Zoning Map of Newton OH don t want purple heavy industrial next to yellow residential Text Land Development Code the gritty Very detailed o Many chapters and ordinances Establishes 1 what structures may be places in a zone 2 to what use a structure may be put 1 4 Urban transect Ch 9 A transect is a geographical cross section Born from New Urbanism and neotraditional architect and urban designer Andres Dunay o Part of Form Based Zoning the view that for each zone there is a desired form and the goal of land use controls is to move development toward that form A transect is a geographical cross section that reveals a series of environments each of which has a more or less characteristic form T 1 Natural Zone permanently protected in Florida we have Florida Forever T 2 Rural Zone not protected T 3 Suburban Zone cookie cutter development should be attached to other zones and pedestrian friendly larger setbacks T 4 General Urban Zone more dense developments T 5 Urban Center Zone Main street area identifiable multi use T 6 Urban Core Zone heart of downtown building up and not out Assigned District Special districts college campuses hospitals airports o Have their own plan 5 Exactions Impact Fees Ch 9 How do you pay for all of this stuff ON EXAM Exactions A developer is allowed to develop on a parcel but must provide some community benefit such as a park A provision in the development approval process that requires a developer to give or provide something to a local government o Exactions are a part of the development approval process exactions are provided in order for the development to be approved water sewer lines or new roads Impact Fees a developer must pay for or assist in the creation of new infrastructure such as A monetary charge imposed by local government on new development to recoup or offset a proportionate share of public capital facility costs required to accommodate such development with new facilities o Usually because their development is so huge o Ex Drainage in Art Park because of College Town Gaines 6 Development Agreements Ch 9 Allowing the developer certain benefits above what is allowed in Development may have to have some civic good These essentially bypass the existing zoning though they must be in conformity with the existing zoning comprehensive plan 2 The contract between the developer and the municipality specifies what the developer may do and also what he she is required to do within the project area o The developer benefits by being permitted to do things not permitted under existing zoning and also gets the security of knowing that zoning other controls will not change during the development process since the municipality is legally bound by the contract o The municipality benefits by being able to require things of the developer as a condition for signing the contract roads storm water drainage etc 7 Capital Improvements Ch 9 The Big One can be maintenance or creation of water sewer lines o These are typically paid for though taxes and sometimes even grants o The guts of the city that make your city run o Help city run much more efficiently Roll every 3 to 5 years have a capital budget that is set aside for improvements Ex NOLA still has some parts of their water system still in wood pipes Ex Gaines Street added nice sidewalks improvement in area 8 Urban design what is it Central concepts Chapter 10 Urban design falls between the professions of planning and architecture It deals with the large scale organization and design of the city with the massing and organization of buildings and the space between them but not with the design of the individual buildings What is good urban design Unity and coherence o Jane Jacobs eyes on the street book The Death and Life of Great American Cities Need to think about spaces carefully can users find their way from one place to another without confusion or fear Minimum conflict between pedestrian and vehicles Protection from environment Easy user orientation The compatibility of land uses Will it work based on zoning and the comp plan Availability of places to rest observe meet Creation of a sense of security and pleasantness Creates a sense of place Urban Design Process Some general sets of activities in most urban design studies 1 Analysis data and research component a Gathering of basic info b Visual survey c Identification of hard and soft areas d Functional analysis what is space doing who s using it and what for 2 Synthesis 3 Evaluation 4 Implementation The Neighborhood Concept The neighborhood is a central concept to urban design o Design at smaller scales gives you a better product o Walkability School shopping facilities daily needs playgrounds parks o No thru traffic The neighborhood concept not that old 1920s thought of as the size area needed to generate enough students for an elementary school There were issues of class race equality like always 3 The Neotraditionalists The redesigning of suburbia New Urbanism is a recent concept Andres Duany says suburbs were planned wrong planned to make cars happy not people o Pod Ex Duany thinks it works badly since walking in the Pod is discouraged because there s no