There are three terms in which I could not locate in my notes Sorry for the inconvenience but I have highlighted them in red that way you can have an easier time locating the ones that are missing Good Luck Intro to Comparative Politics Mid term Exam 1 Study Guide February 12 2014 Patrick Scott Instructor What is comparative political science Study Terms Comparative politics is a subfield of political science Definition 1 Comparative politics is the study of political phenomena that are predominantly within country relationships Definition 2 Comparative politics is the study of political phenomena in every country except the one in which the student resides It s the study of the rest of the world Definition 3 Comparative politics is the study of political phenomena through the comparative method What is science Science is a method for provisionally understanding the world Science is a quest for knowledge using a consistent pattern of learning Research Question Why did that occur EX We expect one thing but something else occurs Why Theory Is a set of logically consistent statements that tell s why the things that we observe occur A theory is sometimes referred to as a model or an explanation Hypothesis Deduced implications from the model other than those we set out to explain in the first place Logical syllogism Argument consisting of a major premise minor premise and conclusion The major premise is typically a conditional statement such as If P then Q The If part is called the antecedent The then part is called the consequent Example If a country is wealthy then it will be a democracy The minor premise consists of a claim about either the antecedent or the consequent of the conditional statement The conclusion is a claim that is thought to be supported by the premises Affirming the consequent Affirming the antecedent Denying the consequent Denying the antecedent Falsifiability Formulates an expectation about what we ought to observe in light of a particular theory about the world and then set out to see if our observations are consistent with our theory An approach to science in which scientist generate hypotheses from theories designed to explain phenomena of interest It emphasizes that scientific theories are constantly called into question and that their merit lies only in how they stand up to rigorous testing Necessary and Sufficient conditions Necessary Circumstance in whose absence in the phenomena in question cannot occur Example Oxygen cause is a necessary condition for fire effect Y NEVER HAPPENS UNLESS X HAPPENS If Y then X or If no Y then no X Sufficient Is a circumstance in whose presence the phenomenon in question must occur example Jumping cause is the sufficient condition for leaving the ground effect Y always happens if X happens if X then Y If no Y then no X Valid arguments An argument is valid when accepting its premises compels us to accept its conclusions Determinism versus Probability Prisoner s Dilemma Both prisoners are in separate cells and can t communicate The DA You may choose to confess or remain silent If you confess and your accomplice remains silent I will drop all charges against you and use your testimony to ensure that your accomplice does serious time Likewise if your accomplice confesses while you remain silent they will go free while you do the time If you both confess I get two convictions but I ll see to it that you both get early parole If you both remain silent I ll have to settle for token sentences on firearms possession charges If you wish to confess you must leave a note with the jailer before my return tomorrow morning Exit Voice Loyalty Model How to solve Pages 57 66 in the book Exit Voice Loyalty Accept that there has been a deleterious change in your environment and alter your behavior to achieve the best outcome possible given your new environment Use your voice complain protest lobby take direct action to try to change the environment back to its original condition Accept the fact that your environment has changed and make no changes to your behavior What it means for state citizen relationships What is a state 1 A given territory 2 The use of force or the threat of force to control the inhabitants A state is an entity that uses coercion and the threat of force to rule in a given territory Coercion may be justified in different ways may be used for different purposes and with different effects But all states use it Contractarian View of the State Predatory View of the State Sees the creation of the state as resulting from a social contract between individuals in the state of nature in which the state provides security in exchange for obedience from the citizen Although those who subscribe to this view see the creation of the state as a solution to conflicts of interest between citizens it leads to a new creation of the state as a solution to conflicts of interest between citizens and the state itself Focuses more on the potential conflicts of interest that exist between citizens and the state understand the conditions under which the state can be expected to enforce rules and foster cooperation rather than use its comparative advantage in violence to prey upon citizenry It looks squarely at this new conflict of interest that exists between citizens and the state They face their own sort f security dilemma in that they have potential rivals constantly vying to take their place The concern for security on the part of rulers leads them to use their power to extract resources from others because these resources can be used to help ensure their continued existence and because leaving these resources in the hands of rivals is potentially dangerous Somalia Failed state 2 states merged after independence Fought Ethiopia as a proxy war Civil war Safe haven for terrorists Philosophy of Governance Polyarchy is a political regime with high levels of both contestation and inclusion Minimalist approach to democracy classifies political regimes in regard to their institutions and procedures Substantives approach to democracy classifies political regimes in regard to the outcome that they produce Composition characteristics Advantages and Disadvantages of the Measures of Democracy PACL or DD Democracies are regimes in which governmental offices are filled as a consequence of contested elections Two primary components i governmental offices and ii contestation For a regime to be considered democratic it must be both the chief executive office
View Full Document
Unlocking...