MUH2051 1 6 Study Terms Chapter 1 Qur anic recitation Qur an reading is the reading aloud reciting or chanting of portions of the Qur an known as music to us not them Tone a musical or vocal sound with reference to its pitch quality and strength HIP approach human intention and perception When any sound is presented with the intention of being music or when a person perceives a sound as music we will consider it as such Ethnocentrism belief in the superiority of one s own ethnic group Soundscape all the characteristic sounds of a place both human and nonhuman 5 propositions Basic property of all music is sound The Sounds and Silences That Comprise a Musical Work are Organized in Some Way Sounds are Organized into Music by People Thus Music is a Form of Humanly Organized Sound Music Is a Product of Human Intention and Perception The Term Music Is Inescapably Tied to Western Culture and Its Assumptions Chapter 2 Ethnomusicology the study of the music of different cultures esp non Western ones Culture Arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively Identity the fact of being who or what a person or thing is Vocables A word considered only as a sequence of sounds or letters rather than as a unit of meaning Society the aggregate of people living together in a more or less ordered community social institutions An institution is any structure or mechanism of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of a set of individuals within a given community cultures as social entities distinct from societies the customs arts social institutions and achievements of a particular nation people or other social group nation state a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent nation a large aggregate of people united by common descent history culture or language inhabiting a particular country or territory nationalist music refers to the use of musical ideas or motifs that are identified with a specific country region or ethnicity such as folk tunes and melodies rhythms and harmonies inspired by them Ex Star Spangled Banner diaspora the dispersion of any people from their original homeland ex Jews from Israel virtual communities a community of people sharing common interests ideas and feelings over the Internet musical syncretism the attempted reconciliation or union of different or opposing principles practices or parties as in philosophy or religion Fieldwork practical work conducted by a researcher in the natural environment rather than in a laboratory or office Rituals solemn ceremony consisting of a series of actions performed according to a prescribed order Composition a work of music literature or art Interpretation the action of explaining the meaning of something Improvisation he action of improvising Arranging adapt a composition for performance with instruments or voices other than those originally specified Enculture Enculturation is the process by which people learn the requirements of their surrounding culture Acculture To familiarize oneself with and adopt a new culture especially by an immigrant Chapter 3 Duration the time during which something continues Frequency the rate at which something occurs or is repeated over a particular period of time or in a given sample Amplitude the maximum extent of a vibration or oscillation measured from the position of equilibrium Timbre the character or quality of a musical sound or voice as distinct from its pitch and intensity Rhythm a strong regular repeated pattern of movement or sound Sixteenth notes a note having the time value of a sixteenth of a whole note or half an eighth note represented by a large dot with a two hooked stem Eighth notes a note having the time value of an eighth of a whole note or half a quarter note represented by a large dot with a hooked stem Quarter notes a musical note having the time value of a quarter of a whole note or half a half note represented by a large solid dot with a plain stem Beat a main accent or rhythmic unit in music or poetry Subdivision a self contained part of a larger composition Measure any of the sections typically of equal time value into which a musical composition is divided shown on a score by vertical lines across the staff bar Meter the basic pulse and rhythm of a piece of music Accents is an emphasis placed on a particular note Syncopation involves a variety of rhythms which are in some way unexpected which make part or all of a tune or piece of music offbeat Tempo The speed at which music is or ought to be played Chapter 4 Melody a sequence of single notes that is musically satisfying Scale an arrangement of the notes in any system of music in ascending or descending order of pitch Mode a set of musical notes forming a scale and from which melodies and harmonies are constructed Octave a series of eight notes occupying the interval between and including two notes one having twice or half the frequency of vibration of the other Ranges the compass of a person s voice or of a musical instrument Major scale a diatonic scale with notes separated by whole tones except for the 3rd and 4th and 7th and 8th Tonic relating to or denoting the first degree of a scale Key a group of notes based on a particular note and comprising a scale regarded as forming the tonal basis of a piece or passage of music Pentatonic scale a gapped scale with five notes usually the fourth and seventh notes of the diatonic scale are omitted Minor scales a diatonic scale with notes separated by whole tones except for the 2nd and 3rd and 5th and 6th Interval the difference in pitch between two musical sounds Blues scale A pentatonic scale is a musical scale or mode with five notes per octave in contrast to a heptatonic scale such as the major scale and minor scale Pentatonic scales are very common and are found all over the world They are divided into those with semitones and those without Transition a musical passage moving from one key to another Microtones an interval smaller than a semitone Ornamentation notes which are added to the main notes of a piece of music in order to make it more interesting Articulation clarity in the production of successive notes Staccato with each sound or note sharply detached or separated from the others Legato in a smooth flowing manner without breaks between notes Chord a group of typically three or more notes sounded together as a basis of harmony Harmony the
View Full Document
Unlocking...