Name HUN 1201 Study Guide Exam 1 Due Before Exam on January 30 2013 Chapters 1 2 13 in depth Disordered Eating and Alcohol including some of Alcohol metabolism in Chapter 7 Please handwrite your answers This study guide is worth 0 5 increase in total weighted grade 1 What does nutrition study The science that studies food and how it nourishes the body 2 What is a Registered Dietitian 3 How do macronutrients differ from micronutrients Macronutrients provide energy micronutrients do not 4 List the 6 essential nutrients in life 1 carbs 2 lipids 3 protiens 4 water 5 vitamins 6 minerals 5 Compare the chemical composition of protein carbohydrates and fats Proteins contain nitrogen oxygen hydrogen and carbon Carbs and fats contain oxygen Hydrogen and carbon 6 Why is alcohol not a nutrient It does not support the regulation of body functions or the building or repairing of tissues 7 Calculate the total kilocalories in a meal containing 20g of carbohydrates 10g of protein and 5g of fat Show work no calculator 20 4 10 4 5 9 175 kcal g 8 Define and list the water soluble and the fat soluble vitamins Fat soluble vitamins D E A and K soluble in fat Water soluble C and B vitamins Soluble in water 9 What are two differences between macronutrients and micronutrients Macronutrients are needed in larger amounts help regulate fluid and energy production 10 Describe the difference between a primary nutrient deficiency and a secondary nutrient deficiency Primary nutrient deficiency a direct consequence of inadequate intake Secondary nutrient deficiency a person cannot absorb a nutrient properly Or too much of a nutrient is excrete 11 What is the difference between covert and overt symptoms Covert hidden symptoms that require lab tests or invasive procedures Overt obvious symptoms 12 What is the AMDR for each of the macronutrients 10 35 Protein Fat 20 35 Carbohydrate 45 65 13 Define the following terms DRI dietary reference intake EAR estimated average requirement RDA recommended daily allowance AI UL adequate intake upper level EER estimated energy requirement AMDR acceptable macronutrient distribution range 14 What are the four characteristics of a healthy diet Adequate moderate balanced varied 15 Define malnutrition What are two examples of malnutrition Too much or too little have a particular nutrient or energy over a significant period of time Examples are under nutrition and over nutrition 16 Name the 4 tools that dietitians often use to assess dietary intake List at least one limitation to each of these tools a Diet history i Person can lie b 24 hour dietary recall i May not be typical intake c Food frequency questionnaire i Person can lie on questionnaire d Diet records i It is hard to make accurate and sufficient details 17 What are the five components FDA requires on all food labels 1 Statement of identity 2 Net contents 3 Ingredient list 4 Manufacturer s name and address 5 Nutrition info Facts 18 The nutrition facts panel assumes people eat a 2000 calorie diet 19 Define High DV greater than or equal to 20 20 Define Low DV less than or equal to 5 21 What is the minimum recommended daily amount of physical activity according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 30 minutes daily minimum a day 22 List a few general sources of saturated fat and unsaturated fat How much saturated fat should be consumed in Saturated added sugars salts and alcohol Less than 10 should be consumed Unsaturated lean protein fish nuts oils 23 Name 3 tools that can be used to design a healthful diet Food labels Dietary guidelines for Americans myplate 24 What are the food groups represented in MyPlate Grains fruits veggies protein dairy 25 Explain what empty calories are Calories from solid fats and sugars They are extra calories with few nutrients 26 MyPlate focuses on Make half your plate fruits and veggies vary your veggies focus on fruits Make at least half your grains whole grains Switch to low fat or fat free milk Vary your protein choices 27 Define phytochemicals and list 2 examples of food sources with phytochemicals Naturally occurring plant chemicals such as pigments that enhance health Soy and garlic are great sources 28 Sodium and Potassium are minerals that influence blood pressure Explain the role of both these minerals in regards to blood pressure Sodium is linked to high blood pressure Potassium is linked to healthy blood pressure 29 List four body composition assessment tools Underwater weighing skin fold bod pod near infrared reactance 30 Which fat distribution pattern is associated with a higher risk for the development of chronic diseases Android apple shaped more prominent in males 31 What is BMI How do we calculate it and what are the cutoff values for BMI List some limitations of BMI Body Mass index Weight kg height m 2 The normal cutoff is a BMI of 25 Limitations include how much fat Difference in bone mass Ethnic backgrounds tend to vary in body fat 32 What is BMR What is the largest determinant of BMR Basal Metabolic Rate The largest determinant is lean body mass 33 What is TEF Thermic effect of food The energy expended to process food 34 Theo is 22 years old male weighs 220 pounds and is 6 feet tall He runs 45 minutes 3 times per week activity factor 1 55 Calculate his basal metabolic rate BMR using the Harris Benedict Equation listed below AND his total energy expenditure TEE Men 66 13 7 x wt kg 5 x ht cm 6 76 x age 66 13 7 100kg 5 183 cm 6 76 22 2202 5 1 55 3413 875 35 Define Metabolic Syndrome List the 5 risk factors for Metabolic Syndrome A cluster of factors increases risk for heart disease type 2 diabetes and stroke abdominal obesity triglyceride levels blood pressure 36 List and briefly describe 2 physiological factors that are associated with increased satiety Ghrelin stimulates hunger Leptin reduces food intake 37 List the characteristics of the Female Athlete Triad and describe why it is detrimental to health Inadequate energy intake menstrual dysfunction reduced bone strength Can cause stress fractures aosteopenia and osteoporosis 38 Describe signs symptoms and health risks of anorexia Signs extremely restrictive eating practices Fear of gaining weight symptoms amenorrhea no menstrual periods for at least 3 months Insufficient energy Health risks energy and nutrient deficiency Electrolyte imbalance bone problems 39 Describe signs symptoms and health risks of bulimia Signs chronically inflamed sore throat and swollen glands in the neck Symptoms binge eating and inappropriate
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