RTV3001 STUDY GUIDE FINAL EXAM Objective Subjective Time o Objective Time what an accurate clock reports It is measured by observable change Way of measuring objective time clocks hourglass seasons of the year Regardless of what a clock says you may feel an activity or event as short or long It is a personal experience and depends on how you feel and what you do Also known as psychological time is felt time o Subjective time Clock time Running time Sequence time Scene time Shot time Story time o Clock time o Running time o Sequence Time Determines the precise at position in the objective time continuum Indicates when an event happens Example the movie you want to see begins at 7 and ends at 9 10 Indicates the overall length of a program Indicates a from to position in the time continuum For example the film is 2 hours 10 minutes long Subdivision of running time It shows the length of an event sequence which consists of several scenes Example when you start your stopwatch and stop it at the end a scene Subdivision of sequence time shot Subdivision Of scene time Shows the objective time span of an event depicted by the screen event For example if the movie is about Picassos life from his birth to his death the story time spans 92 years although you only spend an hour watching it Is the length of one shot the actual clock time duration of a Is the clock time duration of a scene Shows the length of o Shot Time o Story Time o Scene Time Pace The perceived speed of an event whether the event seems to drag or move along quickly Although pace belongs to subjective time it is treated quantitatively We speak of slow and fast pace Tempo the rate or speed of music or sound playing Rhythm How well the scene or show flows Indicates the acing of the individual shots and the scene in general and how well the parts relate to one another sequentially Primary secondary tertiary motion definition and different examples o Primary event motion in front of the camera Example to show traffic you need to adjust the event traffic to fit the camera especially if you desire a specific intensification effect For example you may want to have the actor speed up or slow down for the camera Close ups always need a slow down of the speed with which we normally do things o Tertiary o Secondary boom dolly truck arc and zoom Camera motion including pan tilt pedestal crane or Example you may create tension by not showing an accident scene right away but by first showing the horrified face of an onlooker and then rather than cutting to it doing a slow pan that traces her index vector to the accident Another example would be when trying to follow a football player with the camera you need to pan to keep him in the shot Sequence motion the editing rhythm beat induced by Example cutting between converging vectors such as two regular shot changes o Secondary motion football players from opposing sides this can create high intensity o Primary motion event motion Always occurs in front of the camera such as the movements of performers cars or a cat escaping a dog camera motion such as pan tilt pedestal boom dolly truck or arc Secondary motion includes the zoon although only the lens elements rather than the camera itself move aesthetically we nevertheless perceive the zoom as camera induced motion rhthym induced by shot changes by using a cut fade dissolve wipe or other transition device to switch from shot to shot All three types of motion are important factors in structuring the four dimensional field is sequence motion This is the movement and the o Tertiary motion Cuts jump cuts dissolves wipes fades o Cut An instantaneous change from one image to another It occupies neither screen time nor space and it is invisible Is the simplest and less obtrusive way of manipulating screen space screen time and event density Jump Cut when an object jumps from one screen corner to the opposite one during a cut It is a powerful intensification device A gradual transmission from shot to shot in which the two images temporarily overlap It occupies its own screen space and time Can be long or short depending on the time that the images from the preceding and following shots overlap Superimposition is a dissolve stopped midway o Dissolve o Wipe The new image seems to push the old one off the screen although it merely moves aside to reveal the new shot Signals a transition between unrelated events a switch in location or time Very few are done on large screen motion pictures except for comic effects because the wipe itself can take on a life of its own The picture either goes gradually to black fade out or appears gradually on the screen from black fade in signifying much like a theater curtain a definite beginning or end of a sequence The fade is not a true transition device o Fade Digital video effects also known as DVE Visual effects created by a computer or other digital effects video equipment Sound purposeful audible vibrations of the air Sound noise similarities differences o Sound o Noise Purposeful audible vibrations oscillations of the air Random audible vibrations of the air sounds without communication purpose Television sound four factors television is an audiovisual medium TV was created with sound and has never been separate from it Sound is as essential to television as pictures There are four factors o Reflection of Reality Standard video pictures are of necessary low o Low definition image o Production restrictions and technical limitations Television is based on real events If for example you see a long and barren hallway all you need to make it into a hospital corridor is the typical loudspeaker sound calling for the doctor No further props are necessary definition Audio must match Relatively few routine shows go through a postproduction luxury The pickup of sound is simultaneous with video In such studio produced programs as daytime serials and situation comedies the mics are suspended form large booms and kept well above the heads of the actors to prevent the mics from showing up in the scene Consequently the audio pickup is restricted even if you use high quality microphones HD video image however requires an equally high definition sound track to achieve the proper audio video balance Even if the video is displayed on a relatively small HDTV screen the sharp pictures no longer tolerate the relatively low quality sound of standard television Most routine HDTV shows must necessarily do with less complex audio tracks
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