Study Guide Midterm Terrorism on American Soil by Joseph T McCann pp 46 144 The 1916 San Francisco Preparedness Day Bombing Thomas Mooney 1902 became a member of the International Molder s Union o Very important to him Moved to California o 3 important events solidified his future role as a labor activist Met his future wife Rena stable attachment Became an active member of the Socialist Party Found work Outspoken activist for worker s rights and worked to disrupt capitalist society to replace it with socialism o Made him a target for trade union leaders made many enemies Planted explosives in one of his suitcases and told the cops Mooney spent two years in prison San Francisco Preparedness Day Parade Meant to increase patriotism and influence leaders in Washington D C to increase defense spending Large masses of people attending the parade allowed for many casualties A suitcase was left outside of a saloon o Person who left suitcase was described as 5 10 170 lbs Wearing worn dark clothing Very dark complexion Mexican or Italian o Suitcase exploded July 22 1916 10 killed dozens injured 44 to be hospitalized D A Charles M Fickert supervised search for evidence o Mooney claimed he was with his wife and 2 of her relatives on top of the Eilers Music Company Building at the time of the bombing Mooney s said location was over a mile from the explosion Photograph taken of the parade would prove Mooney s alibi to be true Mooney s reputation made him a primary suspect Arrested along with his wife and other labor activists o Israel Weinberg o Warren Billings Acquitted at trial along with Mooney s wife First to be prosecuted Prosecution argued he was a tool of Mooney s Sentenced to life in prison o Edward Nolan Charges dismissed o Frank Oxman and John McDonald Two witnesses who testified against Mooney Mooney was convicted and sentenced to hang o President Woodrow Wilson changed his sentence to life in prison 1918 Later claims would infer that Fickert was trying to frame Mooney o Evidence in Mooney s favor Crime scene was too contaminated during the bombing to prove None of the eyewitness descriptions of suspect fit Mooney s Mooney did it appearance Photograph of Mooney on music company tower o McDonald contacted one of Mooney s lawyers and told him that Fickert made him provide false testimony against Mooney Mooney remained in prison regardless of the evidence o Age 53 released from prison and in failing health Died at age 56 The Anarchist Bombings of 1919 June 2 1919 Attacks carried out by Italian anarchists and other symbols of capitalism o Attacks resulted in Palmer raids o Primary goal overthrow U S government and incapacitate corporations Boston Mass o Two explosions Large scale government crackdown on anarchist activities Named after A Mitchell Palmer U S Attorney General and intended victim of the attacks door 11 15 PM in Washington D C Bomb detonated at his front Target of an attempted bombing a month earlier Just before midnight targeting Judge Albert F Hayden Municipal court judge who issued a harsh sentence to several protesters who were arrested Pipe bomb exploded at his home No one injured Just after midnight targeting Leland W Powers Massachusetts state legislature representative who issued an anti sedition bill o Anyone advocating or performing an assault on public officials destruction of property or overthrow of state government by force would be sentenced to 3 years in prison Pipe bomb exploded at his home 4 year old daughter cut by a piece of glass but nothing serious Paterson NJ o 12 20 AM bomb went off at home of Harry Klotz Member of the executive board of Paterson Manufacturer s Association and opposed measures seen as favorable to laborers No one was home New York City o 1 00 AM bomb detonated at home of Judge Charles C Nott Jr Municipal court judge who sentenced 2 Italian radicals to long prison sentences Pennsylvania o Philadelphia Church rectory bombed No one injured o Pittsburgh Bombs at homes of a federal judge and an inspector with the U S Bureau of Immigration Both has presided over cases involving foreign radicals No one injured Cleveland OH o Bomb detonated at home of Mayor Harry L Davis Targeted for his efforts to suppress demonstrations by radical groups No one injured Evidence Several copies of a printed flyer were found at each bombing site o Known as the Plain Words flyer Outlined grievances against capitalism organized government and corporate America Bombs were all similar in design Suspects Emma Goldman o Noted anarchist writer and lecturer o J Edgar Hoover had her deported even though she was born in the U S and a legal citizen Carlo Valdinoci o Italian radical o Accidentally killed by a bomb he made The Wall Street Bombing of 1920 September 16 1920 A man parked a horse drawn carriage on Wall Street o Carriage filled with explosives Man abandoned the cart and soon the cart exploded o 40 killed 200 seriously injured Investigation William J Flynn Director of the Bureau of Investigation later known as FBI o Concluded attack must have been carried out by Galleanists Followers of Luigi Galleani major figure in anarchist movement Carried out bombing in retaliation for the prosecution of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti Anarchists who were accused of a Massachusetts bank robbery and believed to have been subjected to an unjust prosecution trial o Leaflet found in a mailbox a couple blocks away from the bombing site Remember we will not tolerate any longer Free the political prisoners r it will be sure death for all of you American Anarchist Fighters First arrest Florean Zelenska o Russian immigrant o Search of his hotel room revealed he had dynamite percussion caps and a fuse o Zelenska was in NYC at the time of the bombing Mistakenly arrested but charged anyway Case remains officially unsolved However several theories gave been created Mike Boda a k a Mario Buda close friends with Sacco and Vanzetti o Thought to have cquired horse and wagon and was responsible for bombing o Lone wolf terrorist The Case of Giuseppe Zangara Giuseppe Zangara Assassin 5 weeks passed between his attempted assassination of President elect Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Zangara s execution for the murder of Chicago s Mayor Anton Cermak Attempted Assassination of Roosevelt Murder of Mayor Cermak Fired 5 shots from a distance at Roosevelt s speech in Miami FL o All missed Roosevelt and all hit other people around him One shot hit Cermak bullet hit his right side through
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