23. Historically, how have Asians/Asian Americans been shown in the media?a. Yellow peril has been dominant imagei. Target of this stereotype changed depending on world events (ex: Japanese during WWII)b. All Asians/API get lumped together; east Asians are the most representedc. Women hypersexualized and men emasculatedd. Obedient/docile (model minority)24. What is “yellow peril”?a. Evil foreigners/ different othersi. Power hungry/greedyii. Danger to U.S. values and culture25. What is a “Model Minority”?a. Obedient/docileb. Nerdy/studiousc. Strict parentsd. Suggests intergroup competition between minorities26. According to USC data, what is the prevalence of Asian characters in film? What do we know about how they are portrayed, based upon this study?a. 2007-2019i. API characters = 5.9% in top movies1. 65% of which were East Asian2. Only 44/1300 had API lead/co-lead3. 75% API characters had <5 speaking lines (silenced)4. 67% depicted stereotypicallya. 13% humanized/nuanced5. 30% tokenized6. 20% sidekicks/villains7. 25% died by the end of the film (mostly violent deaths)8. 42% experienced disparagements/harassment9. 58% API men had no romantic relationships (emasculated)a. 37.5% API women10. 23.3% API women shown in sexy attirea. 21.3% some nudityii. 2019: 36/100 top films had no API characters at all1. 55 had no Asian women at alliii. 39% of 1300 top films had no API characters (invisibility)27. What stereotypical stock characters did we discuss in relation to Asian/Asian American media depictions?a. Evil foreigner i. Mask of fu Manchub. Model minorityi. 16 candles; Big bang theoryc. Martial artistsd. Wise sensei/Zen master i. Enter the dragon (talking in proverbial ways); Karate kide. House boy (historic)i. 16 candlesf. Dragon lady (uses sex for evil purposes)i. Rush hour 3g. Lotus blossom (delicate, docile, submissive women)i. Memoirs of a geishah. Tiger mom (strict/demanding, not very maternal)i. Gilmore girls; Fresh off the boat (not challenging son enough)28. How rare is Native American/American Indian media inclusion?a. 0-0.4% of charactersi. <1% kids’ cartoon charactersii. 0.09% video game characters29. Historically, how have Native Americans been shown in the media?a. As savages (attempt to rewrite history)b. More recent romanticized images (mythical/spiritual)c. Contemporary images almost fully absent from media todayi. Shown as people of the pastii. When shown now = as uneducated, poor, addicted30. What stereotypical stock characters did we discuss in relation to Native American media depictions?a. Savage (burning, looting, scalping)b. Spiritual/ wise Indianc. Indian Princessi. Peter Pand. Squaw (Native women as 2nd tier & gross)e. Alcoholicf. Shady casino owner 31. What stereotypical stock characters did we discuss in relation to Middle Eastern/Arabic media depictions?a. Terrorists b. Silly Arabc. Bedouin Arab (uncivilized, camel rider)d. Oil-rich Sheike. Belly dancerf. Oppressed/victimized women 32. How have news media crime depictions of racial minorities been connected to attitudes/beliefs?a. White people who are heavy consumers of news found to:i. Consider black & racially unidentified suspects more culpableii. Be emotionally unsettled by dark-skin perpsb. When black male shooting victims are shown stereotypically:i. Victims receive more blame/less sympathyii. Viewers’ sympathy & ability to identify with/understand shooter’s motivations increase33. Beyond attitudes, what are some effects of stereotypical media about POC and crime?a. Exposure to negative stereotypes of POCi. Lead to unwillingness to interact/negative feelingsii. Less support for helpful public policyiii. Support for harsher sentencing for POCiv. Less likelihood to vote for