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StuDocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or universityIntroduction to Communications -Exam 1 Study GuideIntroduction to communications (Central Michigan University)StuDocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or universityIntroduction to Communications -Exam 1 Study GuideIntroduction to communications (Central Michigan University)Downloaded by KEVAL SHAH ([email protected])lOMoARcPSD|18623515COM 101 Exam 1Study GuideChapter 1Why study communication? - Manage conflict, understand varying communication styles, become more engagedDefine and differentiate the three models of communication: - Linear: something one person presents to another individual - runs one direction- forward not back- Interactive: both sender and receiver are involved in encoding and decoding.- Receiver decodes sender message- Transactional: We play the role of the sender and receiver concurrently in almost every interaction. - Real time, adjusts to feedback we receive.- Interactive v linear: Environment and feedback in interactive not linear.Describe the seven elements of the linear model: - Source: Speaker- Encoding: Symbols- Message: Words- Channel: Air- Decoding: Comprehend - Receiver: Listener - Noise: Physical natureWhat does it mean to speak in the information age? - Media and technology converged with communication Define intrapersonal communication, interpersonal communication and group communication. - Intrapersonal: Communicating with oneself; mentally making decisions - Interpersonal: Communication with 2-6 people; social media- Group: Communication with a group of people; group project in classWhat is communication competence?- Engaging in appropriate and effective communication. Identify the five myths about human communication.- The more the better.- When in a relationship, you don’t have to communicate needs, but expect stuff.- Conflict means the group or relationship is in danger- Strong communicators are born not made- The fear of public speaking is negative and must be eliminatedChapter 2 (exam is chapter 2 heavy)Identify the steps within the perception process.- Selection- Organization- InterpretationDownloaded by KEVAL SHAH ([email protected])lOMoARcPSD|18623515Explain the components within each step of the perception process and provide an example for each.- Selection: Series of processes within itself- Selective attention: Novel and unusual stimuli - Selective Exposure: seek out stimuli consistent with our beliefs and values- Perceptual accentuation: leads to acting impulsively & making poor decisions - Selective retention: minimizing painful, unpleasant messages- Organization: Organizing stimuli into templates called schemata- Prototypes: typical example of a person, group, ect.- Personal constructs: mental representations individually created- Stereotypes: judgements about people- Scripts: expectations of how something will unfold- Interpretation - Attribution theory: process by which we cultivate explanation for people’s behavior, motives and intentions. - Self-serving: your failures are others fault, but successes are yours - Fundamental attribution error: attributing others behaviors to internal rather than external factorsHow can you increase your perceptual accuracy?- Perception checking- Confusing fact with interface- Frozen perceptionsReview the impression formation principles and differentiate each with an example.- Implicit personality theory: can be positive and negative together (homeless people are always lazy, old people are always angry)- Halo and horned effect: forming an impression based on the knowledge of one trait. (if you think someone is attractive you think they’re funny, nice smart)- Primary/Recency: what comes first is more influential than what comes last.Compare and contrast self-concept, self-esteem and self- awareness.- Self concept: How we view ourselves- Self esteem: Value you place on yourself - Self awareness: Conscious awareness of self and othersExplain and understand the 4 parts of the Johari Window.- Unknown: information neither you or others are aware of - Blind: Information unknown by you but known by others- Hidden: Information known by you but hidden by others- Open: Information about you that you and others knowDefine and apply social comparison theory and self-fulfilling prophecy. - Social comparison theory: theory explaining how we develop self esteem by comparing- Self-fulfilling prophecy: belief that comes true because we act as if it is true.Chapter 3Name and describe the ways in which you can organize a speech.- Chronological: Describing a process over time or history - Spatial: Specifically follow a specific direction patternDownloaded by KEVAL SHAH ([email protected])lOMoARcPSD|18623515- Casual: Cause and effect relationship between points - Prototypes: Describing a problem and developing a solutionIdentify the purposes of an introduction.- Gain audience attention- Relate the topic to the audience - Establish credibility - Review the body of the speechDescribe the components of a formal outline.- Topic, general purpose, specific purpose, thesisIdentify the purposes of a conclusion.- Signals the end- Summarizes main points- Reinforces central ideaDefine and give an example of a specific purpose statement.- Should be to inform and persuade- To inform listeners the common herbal remedies for minor medical problemsDefine and give an example of a central idea.- Striking statement, highlight the central idea, quote, challenge the audience to actDefine and differentiate transitions, internal previews, and internal summaries.- Transitions: phrase or word moving from one idea to the next.- Internal previews: Let the audience know what you are going to discuss next- Internal summaries: reiterate your preceding points or points.Explain each of the patterns for organizing your main points: - Chronological: Describing a process over time or history - Spatial: Specifically follow a specific direction pattern- Casual: Cause and effect relationship between points - Prototypes: Describing a problem and developing a solution- Topical Pattern: dividing the speech into logical and consistent subtopicsChapter 4Define the general rules of delivery. - Be enthusiastic - Be Natural - Be confidentIdentify and summarize the 4 methods of delivery.- Manuscript- Read outline word for word while speaking- Memorized- Completely memorized- Extemporaneous- Write down whatever you think is necessary on


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