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CRIME DETECTION & INVESTIGATION FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDEThe final is Thursday the 26th at 5:30 pm. I have outlined each chapter below (13-19) and I have bolded and italicized anything that Desguin specifically mentioned in class that will probably be on the test. Good luck & have an amazing summer Chapter 13: Larceny- Florida Statute for Larceny: 812.014- Most common serious crime in US- Every 4 sec, larceny is committed in US.- Larceny = theft- Larceny happens so often, no other crime is equal in amount of monetary loss- Annual loss of property and currency is over 5 billion dollars- Officers can use “NTA” (notice to appear) in Larson cases if the perp is a resident of thecounty the crime took place and it is their first offense.- Grand theft is a felony involving more than $500-Grand theft is a felony in FL-Petty Theft is a misdemeanor- Grand larceny= $300+ but no more than $500. Misdemeanor= less than $300- Approximately 8 million larcenies happen in the US annually - Youthful offenders are highly involved in larceny- Females have a higher involvement in larceny than any other crime- Whites are arrested more than blacks w/larceny- Automobile larceny is the single most costly crime in the US.- Now all cars are required to have VINs (Vehicle Identification Numbers), which can be found on the driver’s side of the dashboard. VINs provide the nation of origin and the manufacturer. - The VIN system didn’t achieve full compliance in the US until 1968.- Cars are most likely to be stolen at night, near the owner’s residence.- Other object of value may be taken such as pursed, wallets, and stereos.- Young victims experience the highest rate of vehicle theft, elderly experience the lowest.- Motives for stealing vehicles includes: joyriding, additional criminal activity, profit motives, stripping & chopping, title switching, and resale.- Low rate of clearance for vehicle thefts is due to many factors including: the relative we ease in which a car can be stolen (many cars left unlocked), the motives of many carthieves (juveniles who joyride and quickly abandon cars), property being stolen (many cars stolen for their parts that are not easily identified), and the professionalism of car thieves.- The “Watch Your Car” program involves putting a decal on your car so that if it is seen on the road after 1 am it can be stopped. - Motorcycle theft has increased over the past decade (very low recovery rate).- Car clouting = theft from motor vehicles. (anything but car parts)- Two types of criminals commit car clouting: Organized & unorganized. Organized criminals frequently operate in a group and may travel to different locations. Unorganized criminals are opportunistic and act when an opportunity arises.- The average loss in vehicle theft is $6800.- Shoplifting=theft committed in retail store during hours of operation.- Employee pilferage= when employees steal.- Most frequent and expensive of thefts.- External offenders are those that do not work at business and internal offenders are employees of business.- Professional shoplifters account for sizable amounts of theft.- An officer should detain the retail thief outside of the store. (That way the theft has definitely taken place)- Shoplifting incidents are frequently handled totally by private security personnel, but police may assist in the investigation of high-loss cases. - Confidence Swindles/Bunco swindles =using deceit and trickery to make victim give up something of value. These criminals use greed, superstition, frugality, cooperation, and ignorance to get what they want.- White-collar crime= offenses that include elements of deceit but no physical force is used. (Embezzlement) - White-collar crimes are very difficult to prevent. Employers should screen their employees to prevent crimes from happening.- Credit card fraud is the most commonly reported form of Identity theft.- Credit card companies and their subscribers absorb $790 million loss annually.- Criminals will use credit cards in the following ways: 1) Purchase an item w/stolen creditcard and sell it to fence to make cash. 2) Take stolen card to bank for cash advance. 3) Dishonest clerk prints two copies of bill and forges cardholder’s signature.- Identity Theft is one of the fastest-growing crimes of the new century.- ID theft is so profitable it accounts for losses up to $1 billion.- Criminals often obtain the victim’s social security number, date of birth, bank account, or credit card numbers.- Phishing= criminals use emails and websites designed to look like those of well-known legitimate businesses to get victims to disclose personal info (bank account info or passwords)- All crime labs conduct extensive examination and analysis of questioned or disputed documents.- A seemingly insignificant document may offer many clues to trace back to a criminal. (See slide 48)- Documents that have been charred can be rendered decipherable through chemical treatment.- Black lights are ultraviolet lights and are often used in criminalistics.- Criminalistic assistance in many larceny investigations commonly focuses on check and document examination.Chapter 14: Narcotics & Drug Investigations- Drugs have been abused since ancient times.- Drug abuse= the consumption of a controlled substance w/out medical authorization-Florida statute for narcotics: 893.13-The American drug problem is not restricted to only criminals- It is currently estimated that more than 13 million Americans are illegal drug users. -Narcotic= drugs that produce a depressant effect on the central nervous system. Derived from the opium poppy (morphine & heroin).-Cocaine differs from traditional narcotics in that it doesn’t derive from the opium poppy and it is a stimulant.-The opium poppy is a beautiful flower that is used to make morphine, codeine, and heroin.-Opium is used in the medical field to relieve pain, suppress coughs, and control diarrhea.-The most frequent method of opium abuse is through smoking. The abuser needs a small amount of opium, a pipe, and a heat source.-Narcotic tolerance= needing a higher quantity of the drug to achieve the desired high-Physical dependence is involuntarily achieved through continual use of a narcotic.-Withdrawal symptoms are serious and painful- Drug addiction is a state of chronic dependence produced by repeated consumption of asubstance.- A person addicted to drugs is affected physically through tolerance and withdrawal symptoms and affected mentally through


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FSU CJE 4610 - Chapter 13: Larceny

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