Nursing Asia india Nursing education is governed in India by the central body Indian Nursing Council and its norms are implemented through respective State Nursing councils The list of state nursing councils are available in the official web page of Indian Nursing Council First formal education in nursing was offered in Madras Medical college in Madras presidency Indian Nursing Council Act 1947 Act Year Number Act No 19 of December enactment Date of enactment 31 December 19act Act Objective An Act to constitute the Nursing Council of India To establish uniform standards of training for nurses midwives and health visitors It is implemented with 17 sections and each section indicates the specific legislative role of the council The nursing profession was dominated by females in the British colonial period but in Madras Presidency men were actively engaged in the profession Israel Nurses in Israel have a wide variety of responsibilities including hospital care patient education wound care prenatal and other monitoring midwifery and well baby clinics Nursing in Israeli culture begins with Shifra and Puah the two Jewish midwives who helped the Jewish women in ancient Egypt give birth Modern day nursing was established with through the nurses sent to Israel by the Haddassah organization as well as a nursing school founded by Henrietta Szold in 1918 During those times the United Kingdom regulated midwifery in Israel but the nurses were not mentioned in the regulation decree Today nurses and midwives are regulated through the Israeli Ministry of Health Japan History Nursing was not an established part of Japan s healthcare system until 1899 with the Midwives Ordinance 119 From there the Registered Nurse Ordinance came into play in 1915 This established a legal substantiation to registered nurses all over Japan A new law geared towards nurses was created during World War II the Public Health Nurse Midwife and Nurse Law established in 1948 104 It established educational requirements standards and licensure There has been a continued effort to improve nursing in Japan In 1992 the Nursing Human Resource Law was passed 104 This law created the development of new university programs for nurses Those programs were designed to raise the education level of the nurses so that they could be better suited for taking care of the public Japan only recognizes four types of nursing and they are Public Health Nursing Midwifery Registered Nursing and Assistant Nursing This type of nursing is designed to help the public and is also driven by the public s needs The goals of public health nurses are to monitor the spread of disease keep vigilant watch for environmental hazards educate the community on how to care for and treat themselves and train for community disasters Types of nurses Public health Midwifery Nurses that are involved with midwifery are independent of any organization A midwife takes care of a pregnant woman during labour and postpartum They assist with things like breastfeeding and caring for the child Nursing Assistant Nursing assistants also known as nurse assistants or CNAs Certified Nursing Assistants assist patients with basic daily tasks Individuals who are assistant nurses follow orders from a registered nurse They report back to the licensed nurse about a patient s condition Assistant nurses are always supervised by a licensed registered nurse Education In 1952 Japan established the first nursing university in the country 104 An associate degree was the only level of certification for years Soon people began to want nursing degrees at a higher level of education Soon the Bachelor s Degree in Nursing BSN was established Currently Japan offers doctorate level degrees of nursing in a good number of its universities There are three ways that an individual could become a registered nurse in Japan After obtaining a high school degree the person could go to a nursing university for four years and earn a bachelor s degree go to a junior nursing college for three years or go to a nursing school for three years 104 Regardless of where the individual attends school they must take the national exam Those who attended a nursing university have a bit of an advantage over those who went to a nursing school They can take the national exam to be a registered nurse public health nurse or midwife In the cases of becoming a midwife or a public health nurse the student must take a one year course in their desired field after attending a nursing university and passing the national exam to become a registered nurse The nursing universities are the best route for someone who wants to become a nurse in Japan 104 They offer a wider range of general education classes and they also allow for a more rigid teaching style of nursing These nursing universities train their students to be able to make critical and educated decisions when they are out in the field Physicians are the ones who are teaching the potential nurses because there are not enough available nurses to teach students This increases the dominance that physicians have over nurses Students that attend a nursing college or just a nursing school receive the same degree as one who graduated from a nursing university would but they do not have the same educational background The classes offered at nursing colleges and nursing schools are focused on more practical aspects of nursing These institutions do not offer many general education classes so students who attend these schools will solely be focusing on their nursing educations while they are in school Students who attend a nursing college or school do have the opportunity to become a midwife or a public health nurse They have to go through a training institute for their desired field after graduating from the nursing school or college 104 Japanese nurses never have to renew their licenses Once they have passed their exam they have their license for life Today Like the United States Japan is in need of more nurses The driving force behind this need is the fact that country is aging and needs more medical care for its people However the number of available nurses does not seem to be increasing Nurses face poor working conditions and low social status and there is a cultural idea that married women quit their jobs for family responsibilities 120 On average Japanese nurses make around 280 000 yen a month and it is one of the higher paying jobs However physicians make twice as much as nurses 121