Deep dive #2: How the US became an urban nation, part ICities in the US SouthReadings: 1. John Palen, “The Rise of Urban America”2. Jonas, et al, pages 53-68 “Production, Economy, and the City”Graded between 0 and 5 points (5% of final grade)Please note: students must complete 5 of 10 deep dives over the course of the semester. Which5 you complete is totally up to you!Due: Sakai Assignments by 1/27 at 11am (ie before the start of Thursday’s class). Sakai will close the submission at 11am, so it is not possible to submit late. Do not email me late assignments. They will not be accepted.Length: 400-500 wordsBackground: Both Jonas, et al. and Palen explain how US cities grew, declined, and took new forms during different historical periods. In explaining the growth and decline of cities over time, Palen tends to emphasize socio-spatial processes associated with technology. By contrast,Jonas, et al. focus on economic factors, particularly “how the changing geographical requirements of production in different periods produce quite distinctive patterns and trajectories of urban development at the global, regional, and intra-urban scales” (75).Question: In this deep dive activity, your task is to explain the trajectory of cities in the US South,drawing on economic and technological factors. Both authors briefly describe cities in the South and the “Sunbelt”, so you can draw on their work, as well as other sources (e.g. properly cited websites, books, etc). You might consider the following questions: why did Southern cities grow more slowly than their northern and midwestern counterparts? Why did their growth take off in more recent decades? What kinds of cities in the South have grown in recent years and what kinds have declined/stagnated? Is the internal structure of southern cities different than in otherparts of the country?Please note:1. Because your response is short, do not try to explain every relevant factor. You should be selective about the information you choose to share, judging which factors are most relevant and interesting. You are being asked to consider economic and technological factors only. It can be difficult to decide if something is economic, technological, political, cultural, etc. Use your best judgement. 2. The US South is a diverse region, and there is not a universal story to be told about citiesin the South. However, the task asks that you make generalizations about the South. 1Therefore, you must walk a fine line between making general statements while also recognizing that not every city in the same.3. You should give a geographical definition of the US South, which turns out to be no easy task! It is up to you to choose which states to include and why. Because of the brevity ofthe assignment, you can simply state your definition in a footnote or include a map. You do not need to provide a justification for which states you are including. The US Census has an expansive definition of the South: https://www.census.gov/prod/1/gen/95statab/preface.pdf4. Include a references section, where you cite your sources, including the class readings. You must choose a common citation system, eg MLA, Chicago, Harvard and employ it consistently. My preference is for the Author-date style of the Chicago Style: