Lezione inglese morfosintassi 18/02/2022FARE ESERCIZIO 4-4 PER CASAALLOMORPHS AND MORPHEMIC RULES - Just as phonemes have predictable variants, called allophones, morphemes have predictable variants called allomorphs.- Allomorphs are semnatically similar and in complementary distribution - They needn’t be phonologically similarALLOMORPHS ARE CONDITIONED (THEY ARE RULES) IN ONE OF 3 WAYS - Phonologically the appearance of a particular allomorph is predictable from the phonetic enviroment- Grammatically the appearance is unpredictable phonologically but is determined by the grammar- Free the allomorphs are used interchangeably in all enviromentsREGUALR PLURAL FORMATION IN NOUNS A /shw z/ B /s/ C /Z/Bushes /∫ / Maps /p/ Knobs /b/ Rays /ei/FRICATIVE OR AFFRIICATEVOICELESS CONSONANT VOICED CONSONANT OR VOWELVOICED CONSONANT OR VOWEL- Any native speaker would be able to predict which rule to apply Ex. Non existing word prat - /s/Stad – /z/- These rules are phonologically conditioned - It is the final sound of the root of the noun which is the determining factor MORPHEMIC RULES PL / shwa / - sibilants (∫ s z ʤ ʓ tʃ) /s/ voiceless consonants /z/ elsewhere The rule is read ‘downwards’GRAMMATICALLY CONDITIONED ALLOMORPHS Vowel alteration mice lice greese-en children oxenForeign plurals fish sheep deer -a phenomena data -i stimuli foci -ae aluminae formule -ices indices appendices -es bases axes -im cherubim They are not predictable you have to learn
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