Nucleic Acids: DNA Tuesday, July 1Reading quizWhat group is NOT part of a nucleotide? 1. An amine group (NH4) 2. A phosphate group (PO4) 3. A 5-carbon sugar 4. A nitrogen-containing baseWhat group is NOT part of a nucleotide? 1. An amine group (NH4) 2. A phosphate group (PO4) 3. A 5-carbon sugar 4. A nitrogen-containing base An amine group (NH4)A phosphate group (...A 5-carbon sugarA nitrogen-containin...33%8%42%17%What is the monomer of proteins? 1. Monosaccharide 2. Fatty Acid 3. Nucleotide 4. Amino AcidWhat is the monomer of proteins? 1. Monosaccharide 2. Fatty Acid 3. Nucleotide 4. Amino Acid MonosaccharideFatty AcidNucleotideAmino Acid8%75%17%0%What type of molecule is this? 1. Carbohydrate 2. Lipid 3. Protein 4. Nucleic acidWhat type of molecule is this? 1. Carbohydrate 2. Lipid 3. Protein 4. Nucleic acid CarbohydrateLipidProteinNucleic acid0%50%33%17%What type of molecule is composed of a central carbon attached to a hydrogen atom, an NH2 group, a COOH group and an R-group? 1. Monosaccharide 2. Fatty Acid 3. Amino Acid 4. NucleotideWhat type of molecule is composed of a central carbon attached to a hydrogen atom, an NH2 group, a COOH group and an R-group? 1. Monosaccharide 2. Fatty Acid 3. Amino Acid 4. Nucleotide MonosaccharideFatty AcidAmino AcidNucleotide8%0%92%0%Into what class of organic molecules does this belong? 1. Carbohydrate 2. Lipid 3. Protein 4. Nucleic acidInto what class of organic molecules does this belong? 1. Carbohydrate 2. Lipid 3. Protein 4. Nucleic acid CarbohydrateLipidProteinNucleic acid25%17%50%8%We share a significant proportion of our DNA sequence with other organisms, including yeast. A. True B. FalseWe share a significant proportion of our DNA sequence with other organisms, including yeast. A. True B. False TrueFalse17%83%Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint® Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp DNA structure and replicationAdditional Evidence That DNA Is the Genetic Material • DNA is a polymer of nucleotides Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Sugar–phosphate backbone 5 end Nitrogenous bases Thymine (T) Adenine (A) Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) DNA nucleotide Sugar (deoxyribose) 3 end PhosphateWhat is the structure of DNA? • DNA is a polymer of nucleotides • Chargaff’s rules (1950) state that in any species, #A = #T, and #G = #C Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Sugar–phosphate backbone 5 end Nitrogenous bases Thymine (T) Adenine (A) Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) DNA nucleotide Sugar (deoxyribose) 3 end PhosphateBuilding a Structural Model of DNA: Scientific Inquiry • What is DNA’s structure? • Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin used X-ray crystallography Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin CummingsFig. 16-6 (a) Rosalind Franklin (b) Franklin’s X-ray diffraction photograph of DNA• Results of Franklin and Wilkins, and Watson and Crick: – DNA is helical – two strands, forming a double helix Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin CummingsFig. 16-1• Watson and Crick built models of a double helix to conform to the X-rays and chemistry of DNA • Franklin concluded – two antiparallel sugar-phosphate backbones, – nitrogenous bases paired in the molecule’s interior Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin CummingsFig. 16-7 (c) Space-filling model Hydrogen bond 3 end 5 end 3.4 nm 0.34 nm 3 end 5 end (b) Partial chemical structure (a) Key features of DNA structure 1 nmFig. 16-7a Hydrogen bond 3 end 5 end 3.4 nm 0.34 nm 3 end 5 end (b) Partial chemical structure (a) Key features of DNA structure 1 nmFig. 16-7b (c) Space-filling modelPOGIL activity on DNA Structure and Replication Choose Lego pieces to form groups (four groups of three)Work through Question 10 in 15 minutes Check answers to Question 2 with Destiney or Dr. Hoffman Be ready to answer Question 9 with clickersFill in the complementary bases on the strand according to the base-pair rule: A T C C A G A. A T C C A G B. G A C C T A C. T A G G T C D. C T G G A TFill in the complementary bases on the strand according to the base-pair rule: A T C C A G A. A T C C A G B. G A C C T A C. T A G G T C D. C T G G A T A T C C A GG A C C T AT A G G T CC T G G A T0%0%100%0%Work through Question 16 Note: molecules that end in –ase are enzymes and the rest of the name tells you something about its function (peptidase breaks down proteins, or polypeptides) Add a question after #16: In one or two complete sentences, describe how DNA is replicated.DNA replication Animation 1 Animation 2 Animation 3 DNA Structure and Replication: http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehitv/molecular_visualisations_of_dna/ http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/molgenetics/dna-rna2.swf http://www.dnaftb.org/