All of the following terms except one refer to the same period. Which term doesn't fit?the 1800s2In the context of Beethoven's Europe, the term "Elector" referred toa ruler within the Holy Roman Empire, sharing the authority to empower the next Emperor3In political contexts, the 1700s (a.k.a. the 18th century) are often referred to as the _____________ , thanks to new ideas that emphasized rational government and personal liberty (even though, in practice, most governments were still authoritarian monarchies).Enlightenment4Immanuel Kant, Friedrich Schiller, and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe were all important figures in the intellectual movement known as the _____________ .Enlightenment5In the late 18th century, Bonn enjoyed political importance disproportionate to its small size becauseit was the longtime seat of the Archbishop of Cologne (Köln), an Imperial Elector6Which of the following were important figures in the German Enlightenment? [be sure to check all that apply]the poet Friedrich Schillerthe philosopher Immanuel Kantthe poet and dramatist Johann Wolfgang von Goethe7In the literary domain, C.G. Neefe likely introduced Beethoven to the literary movement known as _____________ , that emphasized natural feeling and exuberant originality (in opposition to neoclassical formalism and balance).Sturm und Drang8According to Lockwood, C.G. Neefe "earned his place in history" by introducing the young Beethoven tothe music of Johann Sebastian Bach9In the Age of Absolutism, the justification for monarchic rule in Europe was a doctrine known asthe Divine Right of Kings10By the late 18th century, the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation was best characterized asa motley assortment of literally hundreds of small, mostly impotent city-states ("Kleinstaaten")11Beethoven's principal patron at Bonn wasthe Elector Max Franz12The specific reason that Beethoven left Bonn in 1792 wasso that he could study composition with Haydn in ViennaBeethoven's principal patron at Bonn was _____________ .the Elector Max Franz14Our protagonist's grandfather wasLudwig van Beethoven, a successful bass singer and Kapellmeister at the electoral court in Bonn15The late-18th-c. German literary movement that stressed natural feeling and exuberant originality (in opposition to neoclassical formalism) was calledSturm und Drang(“storm and stress”)16When Beethoven was born, there was no such country as "Germany"; instead, Bonn represented just one city-state within the _____ _______ _______ .Holy Roman Empire17Beethoven's only important composition teacher at Bonn wasChristian Gottlob Neefe18Which of the following is a feature of the 18th-c. piano, rather than a modern one?a clearer, more focused sound, with better balance of volume across the keyboard19A soundboard with the grain running parallel toallthe strings (thus producing a clear, focused, balanced sound) is characteristic of the18th-c. piano20An extended range of available notes (seven-and-a-quarter octaves, instead of just five) is a feature of themodern piano21Which instrument responds more rapidly to the player's touch?the 18th-c. piano22Which of the following does NOT represent a feature of the 18th-c. piano?a large, heavy, cast-iron frame23A soundboard with the grain running parallel toallthe strings (thus producing a clear, focused, balanced sound) is characteristic of the18th-c. piano24A rhythmicsurprise(disrupting the established meter) is called a ___________ .syncopation25Which of the following would NOT represent a syncopation?a recurring, regular pattern of stressed and unstressed beats26When a composer moves from one key to another, the move is called amodulation27If the relationship between tones is complex and unstable, we call the relationship ___________ .dissonant28The word musicians use to summarize how a piece of music changes from beginning to end is ___________ .form29A phrase ending that soundsincompleteis called a ___________ .half cadence30A musical texture ofpolyphonythat emphasizes aflorid melodyandbass(with simple filler in between) is characteristic of music from the ___________ era.Baroque31An established collection of chords, all centering on the tonic chord, is called a ___________.key32If the relationship between tones issimpleandstable, we call the relationship ___________ .consonant33When composers combine musical three or more musical tonessimultaneously, we call the combination aharmony34If the relationship between tones is ___________ , we call the relationshipconsonant.simple and stable35When discussing musical texture, even in insrumental music, we refer to the component musical lines as ___________ .voices36In a sonata-allegro form, the piece modulates from other keys back to thehomekey during the ___________ section.Development37A fairly simple form whichalternatesa recurring theme (always in the home key) with contrasting material (always in other keys) is calledRondo form38A musical texture of simple, clear, balanced homophonyis characteristic of music from whichera?Classical39The most complex formal template of the Classical era, establishing a dramatic tension between contrasting themes and contrasting key areas, is called ___________ form.sonata40In sonata-allegro form, the part of the piece featuring the themes in fragmented or transformed versions is the ___________ section.Development41Our protagonist's father wasJohann van Beethoven, a court tenor and music teacher of moderate talent, whose alcoholism hobbled his career42In the musical domain, C.G. Neefe introduced the young Beethoven to the works of _____________ .Johann Sebastian Bach43Which instrument offers greater precision and clarity?the 18th-c. piano44When composers combine musical three or more musical tonessimultaneously, we call the combination aharmony45A musical texture of a melodic line with simple accompaniment, in which accompanying linesshare the same rhythm, is calledhomophony46Keys that share many common tones and chords are said to benearly related47Which of the following is NOT a component of sonata-allegro form?ground bass (varying the melody over a repeating bass line)When composers combine musical tonessuccessively, we call the resulting series amelody2If the relationship between two (or more) musical tones issimpleandstable, we call the combinationconsonant3If the relationship between two (or more) musical tones iscomplexandunstable, we call