UD BISC 207 - Chapter 1 – Life: Chemical, Cellular, & Evolutionary Functions

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Chapter 1 – Life: Chemical, Cellular, & Evolutionary FunctionsHow we Study LifeI. Scientific Method A. ObservationsB. Hypothesis = tentative explanation of your observation C. PredictionD. More observations, get some data1. If data supports hypothesis repeatedly (LOTS of observations), hypothesis becomes a theoryE. Theory = hypothesis supported by a lot of factsII. Altruism (Ex. Test case: guarding behavior in social mammals [Meerkats])A. Defined: an interaction that is positive (+) for 1 party and negative (-) for the otherIII. In Quantifying Life, Remember Accuracy vs. PrecisionA. Accuracy = closeness to true valueB. Precision = how many times you can come out with the same measurementCharacteristics of Life: the CellI. 5 Characteristics of Life A. Uses energy (Metabolism)B. Responds to stimuliC. Structurally complexD. Changes & Responds (Response to stimuli)E. ReproducesF. EvolvesII. Cell: the simplest, self-replicating entity that can exist independentlyA. 2 Main Cell Types1. Prokaryotic a. Aside: yeast is a Protist – unicellular b. We carry 10 prokaryotic cells for every 1 eukaryotic cellc. Extremely small compared to eukaryotes2. Eukaryotic a. Have internal, membrane-bound organelles3. Comparison of the two in fig. 5.16B. Characteristics of all Cells1. Contain & use information (genes) to reproduce & form molecules2. Are bounded by a plasma membrane3. Obtain & use energy from environment (because they’re alive)EvolutionI. Basic Ideology A. Changes in the genetics of a population over timeB. There was a single origin of life, and thus all life forms share some characteristicsC. New species arose by the genetic divergence of populations over


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UD BISC 207 - Chapter 1 – Life: Chemical, Cellular, & Evolutionary Functions

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