01.22.13http://www.sinauer.com/cooper5e(supplemental studying material) Look at animations for Chapter 4 for notes. Animation 4.2: Bacterial Transformation*Animation 4.4: DNA Mutations *Animation 4.5: HIV Reproduction* Any pathogenic infection must initiate by a receptor. Animatoin 4.6: Restriction Endonucleases* Is an endonuclease that is specific to a certain sequence of amino acids. Commonly used in genetic engineering. Animation 4.7: Recombinant DNA Molecules* A plasmid (vector) is a dsDNA that replicates independent of the host. Used as a carrier because it is easy to cleave and insert, as well as its simple genetic infrastructure. This method can be used in diagnostic assays. This is how AIDS virus was found (genetic plasmid RNA probing). Animation 4.8: Sequencing a DNA Strand*** Chain-terminating dideoxynucleotide (ddNTP) must be incorporated into the chain to stop sequencing. The theory behind using the ddNTP for sequencing- know this. Animation 4.9: PCR*DNA polymerase needs a primer (3’hydroxyl) to begin PCR.Taq polymerase is a DNA polymerase from archaebacteria which is active at high temperatures (denaturing step). Group Homework: Talk to group to choose an article. Tuesday of next week we will choose an article to present to the class. Paper Examples:Science, Neutralizing Tumor-Promoting Chronic Inflammation: A Magic Bullet?, A. Karolina PaluckaImmunology: An antiviral Sterol, Stella M. HurtleySci. Signal., Focus Issue: Understanding Mechanisms of