Exam Study Guide Romanticism Prelude 5 and Chps 27 28 29 30 31 Classical Prelude 5 1790 1930 the French Revolution fostered the rise of a middle class or also known as bourgeois society romantic poets and artists turned to passionate subjects the Industrial Revolution spurred many technical advances in musical instruments for example making them more flexible and cheaper the orchestra grew in size and sound when new and improved introduced women musicians excelled as performers teachers composers and music patrons educational opportunities opened as music conservatories appeared across Europe and the Americas Listening Genres Four large scale forms lied symphonic poem aria and endless melody Compare contrast Compositions Composers know all selections and composers listed on the Listening handout be able to identify when specific events occur in the music recognize meters used in selections recognize forms binary ternary Terms Prelude 5 Romanticism individualism exoticism folklore orchestration French Revolution Chapter 27 strophic form through composed form modified strophic form song cycles lied Chapter 28 mazurka rubato Chapter 29 shape note notation Chapter 30 program music absolute music concert overture incidental music program symphony symphonic poem idee fixe thematic transformation dies irae the fourth movement Chapter 31 opera seria opera buffa bel canto singspiel music drama leitmotifs Franz Schubert 1797 1828 born outside Vienna and educated at the Imperial Chapel he served as one of the famous Vienna Choir Boys his family hoped he would pursue a career in teaching but he fell in a small group of writers artists who organized a series of concerts called Schubertiads he wrote his famous Elfking song while he was a teenager he had trouble finding a publisher for his later works and he was usually pressed for money he was diagnose with an early stage of syphilis his dying wish was to be buried near his role model Beethoven and it was granted Bedrich Smetana 1824 1884 born in a small village in eastern Bohemia during his teens years he was sent to school in Prague where he discovered his love for music later on his music career he wrote operas for the National Theater where they were performed in his native tongue his most famous music piece his known for is My Country a cycle of 6 symphonic poems which this piece took him from 1874 1879 his health was jeopardized by syphilis and he gradually became deaf Giuseppe Verdi 1813 1901 born in a small town in northern Italy had commissions to write operas for Milan s La Scala opera house he had lost his daughter baby son and his wife at an early stage of his life which caused him to stop writing music for a couple of months he identified himself with Italy s cause of becoming liberated from Austrian Hapsburg rule he wrote 28 operas his favorite literary was Shakespeare Richard Wagner 1813 1883 was born in Leipzig Germany at the age of 27 he abandoned his studies at the University of Leipzig and instead he gained 6 years of conducting in provincial theaters married at the age of 23 and started writing operas he took an important step by shifting his focus from the drama of historical intrigue to better honor folk legend he glorified the German people and the land when the revolution broke out he was sympathetic to the soldiers but when the revolt failed he fled to Switzerland he developed the music drama concept he found a woman my the name of Cosima and who left her husband plus children in order to be with Wagner he was buried at Bayreuth