CAMS 044 FINAL EXAM 1 KEY CHARACTERS Atum Creator God All Inclusive The Complete One The One and the Many All things made from his flesh Gilgamesh Hero in Mesopotamian Literature King of Uruk Thoth Egyptian Hermes God of Wisdom Associated with judgment of the dead writing science Assists Isis with reconstruction of Osiris Osiris Isis Husband who she resurrected Chose Horus side Wen nefer A good being High Priest of Osiris at Abydos Referred to in the Book of Going Forth By Day Ptah Creator God Creator of Him everyone Created the world with his Words God of craftsmen architects First King of Egypt Worshipped in Memphis CAMS 044 FINAL EXAM 2 Husband of Sekhmet Heart Tongue Heart comes up with ideas tongue makes them concrete Pantheism God is Everywhere Khufu Son of King Sneferu Bad King because he sold his daughter to prostitution enslaves the population to build the Great Pyramid of Giza Only small statues of him remain Enkidu Central figure in the Mesopotamian Epic of Gilgamesh Formed from Clay saliva by Aruru to rid Gilgamesh s arrogance Befriends Gilgamesh tragically dies Embodies the wild natural world Cybele The Mother Goddess Originally Androgynous but turned female after castration Blood creates pine trees Atty s mother One of the mystery religions Sneferu Father of Khufu Good King Friendly king who loved Harpocrates Son of Isis Baby in Greek religion AKA Horus Serapis Greek Version of Osiris Apis his people Introduced the design construction of pyramids Adonis Greek version of Adon lord AKA Ba al the fertility God Killed by his own dogs the river runs red with blood each spring One of the mystery religions Attys Son of Cybele Born from fruit of pine tree Castrates self Bata in tale of two brothers Apuleius Writer of The Golden Ass Written about Isis CAMS 044 FINAL EXAM 3 Living King of Egypt Isis was consort of Serapis Samson Derived from Babylonian sun god Samash Weakness for Women Delilah Granted supernatural strength Combat enemies had heroic defeats Setna Khamwas Son of Ramses the Great Father of Si Osir Attended 2 funerals one rich one poor Mithras The unconquered son From Iran Babylon Born from a rock Confronts slays a bull Saves humanity with bloodshed Neith Goddess of war Patron Goddess of Said Shabaco His father Ptah A period of archaism Revival of past artistic styling Relief at Karnak to be engraved with his as victorious Hermes Thoth s Djeuty equivalent Hermetic Books Combine Egyptian Greek Philosphy CAMS 044 FINAL EXAM 4 KEY PLACES Memphis Protected by Ptah First form that appears from the primordial mound after water of Chaos receded Symbolized as Lotus Blosson Thebes Capital at Beginning of 18th Dynasty Karnak Temple Invaded by Hyksos Original patron god was Montu Amun replaced him as Protector of Thebes Uruk Dawn of Mesopotamian history true urbanism Gilgamesh was King CAMS 044 FINAL EXAM 5 KEY VOCABULARY Adon Ba al Hemerology Sanatoria Mithraeum Iseum Serapeum Calendar that was determined by lucky unlucky days Historical value in days Day of birth gave fate of life Type of hospital people went when ill Mostly for Insect bites Used Stelae Holy Water Incubation Sleeping and having a god give answer to problem in dream Underground chamber where Mithras was worshipped Due to no priesthood in Mithras Mini Egyptian Temples donated to Isis Mini Egyptian Temples donated to Serpis Osiris The Golden Ass Based on the life of Lucious his devotion to Isis Salvation of Isis CAMS 044 FINAL EXAM 6 Birth of the Hero Motif Tragic Fate Abandonment Motif KEY TOPICS The Gilgamesh epic content framework Goes along with Hero Motif Dichotomy of Good King Bad King in legend and literature The Descent of Mery Re to the Underworld represents Bad King Good King Sneferu Bad King Khufu Legends of the hero in literature Legend Act Freely Protagonist Antagonist Always included as changing point Satirical view of Egyptian Gods Cartoon like episodes of Horus Seth fighting The Memphite Theology Ptah is the king of Egypt Unifier of the Land Memphis is the capital of Egypt and the hinge of upper Lower Egypt Ptah is also the supreme god and the creator of the world Earliest appreciation of 5 senses Let there be light Osiris Myth The Mystery Religions and their Characteristics Key Characteristics Initiation Special Shrines Final Meal Offer personal salvation dying and resurrection of God Religion flourished before and after time of Christ Former national religions become international Offer of personal salvation Cult from Levant Adon becomes God Cult of Mithras Found on Roman Frontiers Military base Cult of Isis Isis was desired so greatly because others wanted her to resurrect them like she did with Osiris CAMS 044 FINAL EXAM 7 The Books of the Underworld The Egyptian Book of the Dead All originals were lost but were painted on the royal tomb walls Book of that which is in the Underworld The litany of Re Book of Gates Book of Caverns Similar to Christianity Book of the Dead Book of Going Forth by Day Heart knows all The Story of Khosuemhab the Ghost High Priest Khosuemhab found a tomb ruin in Necropolis Begins restoration Ghost stops him telling him not to bother Ghost tells him the afterlife isn t as great as its talked up to be Compares it with The Western Desert The Nun s Narrative Woman is caught up what life to live Her father was a righteous man Her mother was a sinner She initially chooses sin Taken to see father in afterlife enjoys it Taken to see mother in hell horrified Chooses to live a moral life Her view of afterlife Aspects of Late Period Religion Personal desire for salvation Common man approach to religious beliefs Bad fortune is a punishment for sinning by the Gods Wrote a fake prophecy Dated it before the invasion Says how they fall back and the ruler is overthrown Motive was that the first happened so the second will too Written in between events with faked date Luxor Temple the Cult of the Royal Ka guest lecture Luxor Temple Original cult unknown Little known of Cult of Amon No meaning for Luxor festival Festival lasted a full lunar month CAMS 044 FINAL EXAM 8 Special shrine for Roman Emperor High point of religious life of Thebes was Festival Connection between king god was demonstrated Several Kings elected by Amon re They don t discuss details during Festival is only known in parts From Speaker Egyptians lost true understanding Conclusions are still closer than anybodies after 30 years CAMS 044 FINAL EXAM 9 STORIES Stories found in Lichtheim Vol I The Memphite Theology
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