HDFS 202 Fall 2011 EXAM 1 Study Guide Chapters 1 4 50 MC each worth 2 points Why do we need family o Procreation replenishes country s population o Socialization children acquire language absorb accumulated knowledge attitudes beliefs values of their culture learn social and interpersonal skills they need if they are to function effectively in society o Economic Security supply food shelter clothing and other material resources that ensure physical survival o Emotional Support o Social Status Based on parents social class Different definitions of family o Family two or more persons who are related by blood marriage or o Household all persons who occupy dwelling such as house can be one or adoption more than one people o Informal definition group of people who love and acre for each other o Changed over history Nuclear Family vs Extended Family matrilocal vs patrilocal o Nuclear Family husband wife children bio or adopted o Extended family 2 or more generations live with each other or near to one another cousins aunts etc o Family of origin orientation the family you are born into o Family of procreation the family formed through marriage or having kids o Matrilocal live with wife s family THINK Keeping up with the Jonas s o Patrilocal live with husband s family Patrilineage trace family tree through father like last name o Neolocal newly married couple sets up its own residence Quantitative vs Qualitative research methods surveys population sample o Quantitative numerical analyses of people s responses or specific characteristics Done through surveys More information than Qualitative Easier to get more information o Qualitative Non numerical data o Surveys Interviews observation transcribe interview and look for themes Gives you a richer story Systematically collect data from respondents through questionnaires or interviews Population any well defined group of people things that researchers want to know something about Sample group of people things that are representative of the population they want to study Advantages Large sample size flexible lower costs efficient and anonymous gives people voice Disadvantages sample biases poor wording affect results low Industrial Revolution response rate honesty o By 19th century strong interest in social change and family issues o Individual obligations to family questioned o Much of our thinking today still dominated by this time o Characterized by Transformation in average level of education of the population Physical separation of work from family household o Social Evolution o Dominated study of family for almost 50 years 1860 on o Concept origin of families will tell us where families are going all go through stages concept of unlinear development Social Darwinism o Natural Selection survival of fittest o Adapt to our environment Mechanism of social progress o Marx and Engels expanded Technology produced 2 classes of people owners and workers Made gender central Central conflict Push and pull creates social changes Class as central materialist view of mankind Main contribution family as economic unit Now work and family separated Development of inequality in family Theoretical Approaches o Structural Functionalism Functions families preform Socialization Financial support Protection Emotional Support Education Emerged in 1950s Talcott Parsons sociologist THE model post WWII economic baby boom living standard increased mortality rate decreased Society upheld by social institutions each of which has well defined functions to perform Harmony stability working society Nuclear family structure best adapted to industrial society Geographic mobility important for jobs Family is a social SYSTEM all parts interdependent Family divided along gender roles because of necessity Conflict and disorder are deviations Critique Stability and order implied Not clear what function particular structures serve Traditional functions seen as vital vs non traditional roles o Social Conflict seen as dysfunctional Origins founded in Marxism but takes it further Conflict natural and inevitable among humans Tension between haves and have nots Society is NOT cooperative characterized by inequalities Children women minorities poor Conflict can be positive can strengthen ties Conflict eventually leads to social change Civil Rights Movement Critique Derived from politics o Feminist Frame of Reference Gender basic to all social structures gender matters Families not separate from wider systems of male dominations Experiences of women are different from those of men Women actively oppressed by men 1st wave 1890s right to vote 2nd wave Late 60s early 70s equal rights Core Issues o How gender inequality intersects with race ethnicity and social class o Have broadened view of family diversity o Symbolic Interactions Addressed every day behavior of individuals Examine our beliefs ideas and attitudes of daily life and our families for ex A father playing sports with children seen as good involvement Understanding making of meaning through symbols and symbolic behavior Using this approach the family is studied as a unit of interacting personalities interact with symbol What sup is a symbol and interaction based on that symbol and way you take meaning from that interaction is how you study 4 Basic Assumptions Families Marriages must be studied in their own context Family and marriage can only be understood in context of social setting in which they exist Infant at birth is a social and must be socialized Humans communicate symbolically and share meanings respond to symbolic stimuli o Ecological Perspective View of family influencing and is influenced by environment Interlocking systems family and peer group all the way to technology and cultural norms Urie Bronfenbrenner o Microsystem o Macrosystem o Exosystem o Macrosystem o Chronosystem o Social Exchange 4 Basic Assumptions 1 All social behavior is series of exchanges 2 In course of exchanges individuals attempt to maximize their rewards and minimize their rewards and minimize their costs social credit social debt 3 Under certain circumstances person will accept certain costs in exchange for other rewards 4 When we receive rewards from others we are obliged to reciprocate and supply benefits to them in return Intergenerational reciprocity Used to understand mating dating behavior o Developmental Framework Central Assumption family relations can be looked at in definable stages referred to as family life cycle or life