Communication 469 Exam II Study Guide First Did many Negroes bolt the Republican Party No It is true that a larger number of colored people voted the Democratic ticket this year than at any time since they have had the franchise THEN IN THE SAME SPEECH SHE SAYS Since the Negro vote helped the Republican Party win the 1928 victory the question has been asked again and again what does it profit the Negro to give his vote to keep the Republican Party in power WHICH DID THEY HELP It s a mix of both I wrote it down below Again Nannie was one of the Black Republicans like Pickens aka the Spell binders who advocated for Hoover to win but this election was important in part because more Blacks than ever before were voting for democrats If it helps notice the word difference in the first she says bolt in the second she says helped Blacks did help by advocating like Nannie but they did not give so many votes to republicans that they made them win Does anyone know what the negro question is that Pickens refers to And he welcomes too the opportunity to lift the Negro question out of the narrow confines of the Southern United States and make it a world question Like many other questions our domestic race question instead of being settled by Mississippi and South Carolina will now seek its settlement largely on the battlefields of Europe thats the quote from the Kind of Democracy but I m not sure what it means I had a question about the Negro question from the Pickens piece Is the question he s referring to that of civil rights for Blacks as in whether or they should have them and make it an international question Her answer was yes Basically make the civil rights issue an international one Whites tried to knock blacks off trains Blacks fought back word got out and whites came Scottsboro An American Tragedy March 25 1931 with guns to kill them o o 2 white women claimed boys raped them 9 prisoners taken in Scottsboro newspapers called them the 9 N brutes o depression had affected nation especially in Alabama hobos were in railroads by the thousands Ruby Bates and Victoria Price o Worked in poor textile miles 14 hour day o Traded sex with black and white men for food and money o April 6th trial No blacks in court lasted 3 days o In early 1930s lynchings went up Many who died were accused of rape o Killby tower Imprisoned those who were to be later executed 8 boys taken there they rioted but guards beat them Communism By 1931 communist was a small but powerful force o Wanted to use 9 to publicize their party o Communists spread word internationally o Protests against deaths in Germany and Spain Case taken to supreme court Decided lawyers weren t good enough did not have good representation first verdict was thrown out Boys got new trials Communists hired a lawyer Samuel L Leibowitz Jury was all white Ruby Bates had disappeared no one could find her NAACP More interested in defending the 9 Samuel L Leibowitz Set up train model from toys Victoria caught in a lie o o Reporters 2 witnesses said she was actually with them Northern reporters reported on how Leibowitz brilliantly asked questions Southerners thought that he was attacking her Stirred up north south rivals o Cross examined doctor sperm was old o Lester Carter was a witness claimed the girls were having sex with him and another man o Ruby Bates Called as a witness for the defense Prosecution said she d been bought by communism o Verdict was guilty Major factor was lawyer being jewish Lawyer called on judge Horton to overturn the verdict on the grounds that the jury was all white o He Horton did Guilty verdict sparked a new movement o Whites blacks marched together Rekindled struggle for equality Communists again Sponsored tour for speeches for women who were mothers of defendants o Joined by Ruby Bates Prosecutors had Horton removed for next trial o All 9 boys were sent to Kilby death house Guards brutalized them Boys started to turn on one another Appeals taken to Alabama Supreme Court Alabama refused to let Blacks serve on jury which was a clear violation of the boys o When supreme court saw list of Jurors they ruled Alabama had deliberately not A lot of southerners were worn down because of the cost of all the trials rights included blacks Wanted a compromise o Terms were for Leibowitz had to step aside o State did not convict the 2 13 year olds the nearly blind boy and the one with syphilis o Former sponsors left them The 5 remaining boys stuck in prison World started to forget about them o Alabama relented because there was less pressure Alabama parole board slowly let out boys o Patterson remained in prison Later escaped and headed north Horton never served again not reelected Leibowitz also set in motion for mixed juries Also became an advocate for the death o She resurfaced to sue NBC for a documentary they d made of her penalty Years later Victoria Price disappeared o After release from prison the boys lived trouble lives Patterson was put in prison Andy Wright was falsely accused again Roy Wright killed his wife and committed suicide Clarence Norris o Fled Alabama and went north Got married and had kids Wanted full pardon from Alabama Wanted world to know racism was problem Got pardon Black Press 1 How did the press cover the movie Birth of a Nation 1915 Black Press The NAACP fought against the film through black press citing that it incites race riots and perpetuates stereotypes of blacks White Press The film was praised for the camerawork and images it transformed the way films were made 2 What differences did you notice between press coverage in white and black newspapers White newspapers depicted the black rioters outside the theatre as a disturbance not explaining why they may be upset over the film they give an account of policemen using force against the blacks rioting warned those who would see the film to take it with a grain of salt and reflect on the message of the film the glorification of the KKK and the killings of blacks Black newspapers 3 How did the press cover the lynching of Jesse Washington Black press o use of ironic language southern white gentleman and race boy in headline questioned morality moral judgement on those who attended the lynching Indicated that the women tried to stop the lynching while the men wanted to continue with the lynching used this lynching to further their anti lynching efforts via fundraising they detailed the lynching points out that court officials did nothing to protect