Ch 15 Other Fabrication Methods Other Structures Nonwovens Films Compounds Animal Textures Non Wovens Fiber to useable fabric Web of tangled fibers joined various ways o Mechanical entanglement o Thermal bonding o Adhesive bonding chemical o Stitch bonding Web of fibers is formed o Dry laid o Wet laid o Spun bonded o Spun laced o Melt blown Fiber orientation affects overall performance tenacity Ex Felt o Made w at least 50 wool o No raveling no grain poor drape o Used to make shaped clothing such as hats slippers coats Ex Needle punched Felt o Looks like felt but not made w wool rayon nylon acetate etc o No raveling no grain poor drape o Used to make fiberfill low quality rugs blankets Films Solution extruded through narrow slits to produce flat sheets o Vinyl or polyurethane No yarns or fibers present Often reinforced w a woven knit or non woven backing Used for faux leathers wind rain resistant clothing accessories Impermeable to air moisture some chemicals Poor drape no grain low cost Can be smooth or embossed w designs Compounds AKA composites Compounds 2 or more structures w at least 1 recognizable fabric textile layer Broad diverse group Coated fabrics o Textile fabric polymer film o Many specific types Ex Faux Suede Animal Textiles Leather fur Skins are processed to retain flexibility Leather o Skin and hides of various animals o Reptiles mammals birds o Leather from cows pigs lambs often referred to as byproducts 2nd use of Increased production time for leather produces 2 years in advance an item Many leather categories o Cattle o Sheep lamb o Goat o Pig hog o Exotic Elephant ostrich frog alligator crocodile snake Very durable picks up oil easily must be professionally dry cleaned Strong competition from synthetics o Highly resemble leathers in texture appearance Fur garments considered luxuries Fur pelts o Animal skin w hair attached From animals raised on fur farms or wild Various animals used o Mink o Sable o Chinchilla o Beaver o Fox The Fur Industry The Fur Products Labeling Act of 1952 FTC o English name of animal o Country of origin o Processing o If pelts are reused or from the tail section of animal Requires special care storage