04 03 2014 Adolf Hitler Fascism and the Origins of World War II Team Lecture 10 April 3 2014 Adolf Hitler after World War I Hitler was an Austrian He was an artist Hitler loved World War I He felt like it was one of the best times of his life He was a communications runner He would run notes between commanders He was wounded multiple times He wanted to stay in the army forever When the war ends he goes crazy Austrian Corporal in the German Army these are his beginnings The German Workers Party 1919 The National Socialist German Hitler is sent to spy on the German Workers Party The goal of this party is to overthrow the German Workers Party The Treaty of Versailles is signed when he is spying So he is pulled off and does not know what he wants to do He realizes he likes the Party And he eventually becomes a party Worker s Party Nazi Party 1921 He changes the name of the German Works Party The National Social Party in 1921 Mussolini is his mentor Men wearing color coordinated shirts The Brownshirts SA Sturmabteilung Stormtroopers Benito Mussolini s Blackshirts Hitler decides they should all wear the same colored shirts Stormtroopers would lead the attacks in WWI Hitler and the Brown Shirts decide to go beat people They find people that look Jewish Gypsys or homosexuals They fight with rival groups that are communist The Weimar Republic is very weak during this time Benito Mussolini originally did this by dressing all of his followers in The king asks Mussolini to go to power and he sets up a fascist Hitler is shocked by this that through violence you can go to power In 1923 Hitler and his people decide they are going to overthrow the Blackshirts government power in Munich They start marching towards the state house and get arrested During his trial in 1924 it turns out that the judge is a fan of the Nazis So Hitler begins ranting on the witness stand about what he wants to do and the judge just lets him talk Hitler is sentence to jail for 10 months 1924 1925 Mein Kampf 1925 In jail he writes Mein Kampf which translates to My struggle It is a terrible book according to Varat In it is the desire to destroy the Jewish race Germany needs to get more territory from the Russians Enslave the Slavs and work them to death Desire for war Desire for world conquest Gets out of jail in 1925 The recovery from the hyperinflation has dimmed the Nazis chance Economic stability is not good for the Nazis to take over The Great Depression and Hitler s rise to power 1929 1932 The German economy crashes hard because the Americans can not give them anymore money As the economy crashes the Nazis chances go up By 1932 the Nazi party is the largest party in Germany The Nazis get around 35 of votes in these elections 20 were for communist What you need to see is that Germans are voting for the destruction of democracy Hitler in power Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany January 30 1933 Hitler is invited into the government because people are more scared of the communist Hitler is offered a position in the cabinet but he says no he wants to be the head of the government the chancellor Eventually they give in and give him the chancellor title This is technically legal The Reichstag Fire February 1933 and the Enabling Act March 1933 The Reichstag burns down this is the parliament building People today still do not know who truly did this but they say it was the The Nazis blame the communist party for this Hitler demands total power to destroy the communist and the CONSTANT STREET VIOLENCE The Enabling Act suspends the constitution and gives Hitler total The first thing he does is wipes out all the other parties He sends them to concentration camps a place too put political parties they die off they do hard labor not the same as Jewish ones Everything that is independent is destroyed Everything is under Nazi control Everything young boys and girls learn is what Nazis want them to Nazis power learn Hitler Youth The League of German Girls and mass rallies These youth groups are here to make sure young children learn what Hitler want them to know Mass Rallies Triumph of the Will Hitler would arrive and people would be so emotional People would be listening to every word he said for 4 hours Everyone together Women rhetoric vs reality Nazi rhetoric return to gemeinschaft Women at home getting pregnant cooking taking care of kids Nazi reality the factories require as much work as they get German birthrate is going to drop More and more women working Removing the Jews from public life The Nuremberg Laws Sept 1935 The threat is always there for the Jews Mass rally where the Nuremberg laws are revealed In September of 1935 the hatred recalls These laws remove the Jews from the public Jewish professors teachers artists musicians Jews and Germans cannot have sex or get married Jews cannot hire Germans to work for them They can still own businesses but not for long Jews being shoved out of society Tearing apart the Treaty of Versailles 1935 German rearmament Spring 1935 The French response Britain the Soviet Union Josef Stalin and Czechoslovakia May 1935 In the spring of 1935 he announces to the world that Germany is rearming they were already doing it secretly but now he s actually saying it He says what are you going to do We are going to build heavy army artillery navy The French say what are we going to do The British say we are going to do nothing They are not going to help them and the British say everyone knew the Treaty was going to be destroyed it sucked but the French say we liked it we didn t think that The French go to Stalin to ask for help The French and the Soviets begin talking Stalin wants to get rid of Hitler more than anyone The French do not like this because they do not want to join a communist country The French bring in Czechoslovakia so it does not look like a one for one treaty between French and Soviet Russia If the Germans attack Czechoslovakia the French will have to respond first then the Soviets can respond France MUST come first before the Soviets can do anything It is centered between the Czechs and the French Appeasement and Remilitarizing the Rhineland March 1936 Hitler decides it is time to remilitarize the Rhineland Part of the treaty of Versailles said the Germans cannot enter the Rhineland even though it is German territory In March of 1936 he announces he is going to remilitarize the Rhieland They get into the Rhineland and the tanks breakdown so they give them bicycles to