Supplements Categories o Nutrients vitamins minerals proteins fats sugars o Botanicals herbals plants plant extracts o Other dietary substances non botanical derived from fish or animals amino acids hormones metabolites o Combination products Why Americans take supplements o Make up for perceived dietary shortfall o Ward off disease believe its therapeutic o Less expensive than going to the doctor or buying pharmaceutical o Mostly self initiated not practitioner based Herbal supplements o Type of dietary supplement that contains herbs either one or in drugs mixtures o Botanical is another word used for herb Herb myths and reality o Used instead or with a prescription problem o Ingredients can have effects similar to some medications o Herb as a plant is not the same as a capsule or tablet o Amount f active ingredient may vary o No requirement to list the active ingredients o List some ingredients but not all that may be potentially dangerous Supplement regulations drugs o FDA tried to regulate using the standard that is used for food and o FDA wanted safety and proof that the worked reasonable o Industry objected congress eventually passed a law that told the FDA to treat supplements as pure food rather than drugs or additives DSHEA Dietary supplement health education act 1994 o Dietary supplement definition o Establish regulatory framework Food and drug administration FDA Established ODS at NIH As foods not drugs o Established labeling rules Dietary supplement regulations o Manufacturers are supposed to have evidence are supposed to have evidence that their products are safe and the information on the labels is true and not misleading o Do not have to provide FDA evidence of efficacy or safety before marketing o Once on the market FDA must prove that a product is unsafe in order to restrict or remove it Food additives vs Dietary supplements o Food additives pre market approval required products with unapproved additives can be seized o Dietary supplements no pre market approval required includes substances not legal in foods harm must be demonstrated before seizing product