MUSC 210 Study Guide FILL IN DEFINITIONS AND ANY OTHER HELPFUL INFORMATION IF YOU KNOW IT Thank you to everyone that contributed to this study guide Shout out to everyone in Music210 We finished the exam essay multiple choice How d everyone do good panchod bund maarti saadi Example Essay Questions Example Essay Questions given by TA Vergara may or may not be similar to ones on the exam she hadn t seen it yet same questions given by TA Alice Rogers Just a reminder that these aren t the actual exam questions just examples of what kinds of questions might be on there 1 Give examples of three 20th century western classical music composers describe their music and explain how their music is connected to its historical context Bela Bartok used national elements Hungary and also used a lot of folklores in his melodies He was known for his dissonance atonality and his chromaticism He collected and used folk tones in his music History After WWI the whole world was a bunch of chaos and he believed like many that maybe there was no order in the world which was shown through his atonality Philip Glass was known for his minimalistic style of music which is the the repetition of sounds or structures He wrote prolific operas Einstein on the beach Composed during the 50 s and 60 s when the generation that had experienced war was having families everyone was worried about fitting in rise of suburbs was an example John Cage was known for his use of silence and environmental sounds He also prepared piano pieces and chance Zen WWII world is extremely chaotic and he composes his music in the idea that everything is random nothing has order that s why there is no real sense to it Other examples you can use Arnold Schoenberg Austrian composer that would take familiar elements and then give them a twist Also used atonality in his songs Feared the number 13 George Crumb electronic music Used unusual timbres Made haunting scores Aaron Copland Considered America s composer used American landscape and environment as a muse for his compositions Compositions Fanfare for the Common Man Appalachian Spring Buckaroo Holiday also known as some guy that made music 2 Several musics we have discussed deal with nationalism Give two examples and explain how the music has interacted with national identity Russian National Anthem it has changed many times based on the country s politics It changes to reflect Russia Also chongmyo cheryeak It s a tradition that has been in place for many years in Korea and is a way for the people of Korea to feel at one with their country it is not the country it is the society and religion in my opinion society and religion are aspects of national identity sacrificial rite Koto in Japan Is a symbol of nationalism in Japan became prominent in times of stressful urban living and westernization Aaron Copland s music It is reflective of the United States and he is often thought of as one of the first American composers Culture Areas China the qin the Literati Acadia where Cajun people came from located in Canada Louisiana where Cajun and Zydeco music took place Japan koto string instrument South Korea Choson dynasty chongmyo cheryeak Indonesia gamelan gong colotomic structure India Tala sargams raga Key Terms ethnomusicology study of music through anthropology and fieldwork The study of music as it pertain to a group of people and its relation to culture multi disciplinary field the act of combining more than one area of academia into one Or a field that borrows ideas from different field of studies such as psychology medicine physics pitch The term describing the physical frequency creates notes scale sequence of notes in ascending or descending order Think of the do re mi fa sol la ti or solfege scale qin 7 string instrument used primarily by literati men and used for meditation coincides with confucian ideals symbolism with human body parts and instrument size coincides with days of the year Literati The Literati were the social elite class in ancient China As young children sometimes as infants they were selected to be trained for years with the hopes of becoming Literati Among other skills and knowledge Literati mastered the so called 4 scholarly arts chess painting calligraphy Qin Chongmyo cheryeak Ceremonial music performed for sacrificial rite at royal ancestral shrine in Korea evidence ritual manuals artifacts musicians notation of music written record yeak ye ak presents the order of the universe and social relationships in China confucius ye ceremonies the order seperates people ak music harmony unites people accordion brought into Zydeco and Cajun music by GERMANS Used more by Zydeco than Cajun washboard percussion music used by the Zydeco not Cajun and is the defining instrument in their music modern playing technique brought by Clifton Chenier Cajun originally from Acadia Canada when they were forced out and went to New Orleans they started to assimilate Their music kept them from assimilation and kept their language alive despite many attempts to erase the language entirely identifiers of their music are cajun french fiddle and accordions Zydeco Derived from Cajun music Distinctly Creole music Uses fiddle piano electric guitar and is voice heavy Uses the washboard identifiers washboard R B instruments diaspora a large movement migration or scattering of people from their place of origin migration migration is when a lot of people from a culture area or specific group of people move away from a place in mass numbers in a short amount of time Remember push pull migration Clifton Chenier hes is the king of Zydeco Jimi Hendrix of Accordion he led Zydeco music and invented the practice of using the washboard Acculturation acculturation is very similar to assimilation the difference is that acculturation is the adoption of culture that results in constant contact ex cajun and Zydeco their music was changed and adopted from one another THIS IS NOT COMPLETELY RIGHT a process in which members of one cultural group adopt the beliefs and behaviors of another group borrowing traits from other cultures Assimilation is more like a melting pot where you can t see the individual cultures Acculturation is having your own identity along with others and forming something new like a salad America Swag lmfao musical tradition ex Cajun music people were told to stop speaking French dialect so that they could assimilate to the new area of New Orleans music kept the dialect alive settler culture