Art Theory Midterm Outline concerned with beauty Using imagination Study of knowledge reality feeling of accepting grief Glossary Humanist Philistine Philistine Ascetic Aesthetic Mimetic Epistemology Metaphysics Catharsis Iconoclast Propaganda Taboo of practice Profane Fredrick Nietzsche Born in Germany 1844 an attitude towards humans work values achievements ignorant smug person someone who rejects disinterestedness needs purpose utility practice of severe self discipline for religion someone who destroys art because it offends god Tells you what to think and do a social or religious custom prohibiting or forbidding discussion act of disrespect with sacred things Dad brother died Elizabeth sister is awful and mean met hitler Went to college and didn t want to be a minister Became a theologist professor 30 s his life changes lives in Italy Friend named Paul Ray introduces him to Lu Salimay Fredrick proposes she denies 1888 FN has downhill spiral 1896 He was seen as a world renowned writer Zerathustra Goes up the mountain for 10 years at age of 30 studies humans Meets hermit on the way down hermit says he looks good pure Hermit says why go down they suck Zera says I love humans Tight rope walker falls and Zera says hell isn t real you ve lived a good Zera goes to town makes speech and everyone thinks he a joke life you took risks so ill barry you remain faithful to the earth He says listen we need to set a goal plan the seed of highest hopes Says be accepting of your stuff and your bad parts too 42 Im telling you one must still have caios in yourself Caois is a good thing Caois brings creativeness He says we are in danger of being last humans AKA Our hope for exploring our potential will be over write in blood I could only believe in a god that can dance lets kill spirit of gravity If I believed in god god dances through me Three Metamophasis Camel strong very tough holds burden Lion Tough says hell slay dragon I will Child innocent open to life 3 Cautions 1 Preaches of Death Attack on Christian church Don t like how church makes afterlife look so great because they appreciate current life Suffering gives meaning to life 2 New Idol Doesn t like patriotism and allegiance to the state State claims its for the people it bites with stolen teeth 3 Flies on the Marketplace don t like people who are obsessed with fame Creativity within yourself is key Marketplace is full of jesters who symbolize bad stuff flies are people around you bc you need to focus on yourself and not people who don t want you to succeed SOCRATES PLATO Chapter 2 Socrates Had three kids Tough minded Never wrote only spoke Took poison as capital punishment Hates artists thinks they are imitators Beauty ties with sexuality not art Republic wont have art its disruptive Plato Wrote everything down Aristocrat Followed Socrates for 11 years The eutopia ideal society bad people are doing good Lets think of a perfect society then make it happen Republic Cave Using the language of the cave we ignore the outside world Reality is obscured and not illuminated by our senses Effort to get out of the cave shadows is worth doing and humans have the capacity to do it one way or another Appearance shadows reality outside idea of some kind of unchanging nature realm of concepts and ideas Socrates s Idea God Creator Artist Concept couch Appearance Imitation Art doesn t contribute If art can do something useful we will consider Art out If made art should reflect good values artist should not be in charge in deciding value should come from religious or ethical meanings Bertrand Russell p77 Lived for 98 years Philosopher and mathematician Wealthy aristocratic family 2nd son so didn t get any money Made problems of Socrates Plato Says same idea couch vs table Science tells us differently than what we can tell view Bunch of atoms feels like a hard table based on the blunt instrument of my hand shape is bizarre in terms of our perception rectangular only viewed from under or on top of table would draw it how it appears to us in our own perception everyone in room sees a different shape What color is it Beige yellow brownish table that has to do with the way we see what kind of light is shining on it the way our optic nerves and brain works Everyone perceives it in different ways Book The Problems of Philosophy Appearance and Reality same lesson as cave Is there any knowledge in the world which is so certain that no reasonable man could doubt it first line It has appeared that if we take any common object of the sort that is supposed to be known by the senses what the senses immediately tell us is not the truth about the object as it is part from us but only the truth about certain sense data which so far as we can see depend upon the relations between us and the object Thus what we directly see and feel is merely appearance 84 Athenians Love art apart of their everyday lives Doesn t need a reason it has its own function arts for arts sake Harold Osborne pro kant The now familiar distinction between fine arts and the useful or industrial arts emerged to prominence only in the course of the eighteenth century in Europe and it was from one point of view an early symptom of the gradual extrusion of art from the integrated structure of society 102 Immanuel Kant Chapter 3 Immanuel Kant had to give up education to support 5 sisters Very poor family East Prussia Parents had no formal education Mom was a self taught naturalist died when he was 13 dad did too Church scholarship to study theology Good student moved into math science Went back to school and received a degree age 46 Wrote books and taught Had major OCD Old style philosopher thinker tried to figure out everything by thinking and Took a walk every day at 3pm same route same pace everyone noticed writing Wants to know how people make judgments of taste beauty Paintings don t have beauty in it it evokes beauty within P122 123 The Critique of Judgment 1798 after American and French revolution 1 Disinterestedness 2 Subjective Universality 3 Purposiveness without a Purpose same issue set as 1 4 Common Sense same as 2 Minor points Genius The Sublime 1 st Moment DISINTERESTEDNESS Being open minded Not needing a utility being what it is Cant be biased or it ruins experience subject matter isn t important good pleasant beauty o good what it is good for o pleasant physical touch body responds to stimulation o beauty not thinking but experiencing apple good nutrition hunger pleasant taste