Physics Final Exam Study Guide 1 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question 1 A hypothesis is a b c d e the long side of a right triangle an educated guess that has yet to be proven by experiment close agreement by competent observers of observations of the same phenomena a guess that has been tested over and over again and always found to be true a synthesis of a large collection of information that includes guesses 2 Speed is 3 a a measure of how fast something is moving b always measured in terms of a unit of distance divided by a unit of time c the distance covered per unit time all of the above d e none of the above If you drop a feather and a coin at the same time in a tube filled with air which will reach the bottom of the tube first a The feather b Neither they will both reach the bottom at the same time c The coin 4 Suppose a car is moving in a straight line and steadily increases its speed It moves from 35 km h to 40 km h the first second and from 40 km h to 45 km h the next second What is the car s acceleration a 5 km h s b 10 km h s c 35 km h s d 40 km h s e 45 km h s 5 A ball is thrown straight up At the top of its path its instantaneous speed is 6 A freely falling object starts from rest After falling for 6 seconds it will have a speed of about 7 Suppose a jumper claims a hang time of 2 seconds Then that jumper must be able to jump a vertical distance a 0 m s b c d e about 5 m s about 10 m s about 20 m s about 50 m s a 6 m s b 30 m s c 60 m s d 300 m s e more than 300 m s of a 1 m b 2 m c 3 m d 4 m e 5 m 8 A vector is a quantity that has a magnitude and time b time and direction c magnitude and direction 9 A scalar is a quantity that has a direction b magnitude time c color d 10 Which of the following would NOT be considered a projectile a A cannonball thrown straight up b A cannonball rolling down a slope c A cannonball rolling off the edge of a table d A cannonball thrown through the air e All of the above are projectiles a one can never throw the ball fast enough b gravity is acting c d e air friction slows the ball ideally the ball would never land all of the above 11 A ball thrown in the air will never go as far as physics ideally would predict because 12 A projectile launched horizontally hits the ground in 0 8 seconds If it had been launched with a much higher speed in the same direction it would have hit the ground neglecting Earth s curvature and air resistance in a more than 0 8 s b 0 8 s c less than 0 8 s 13 A projectile is fired horizontally in a vacuum The projectile maintains its horizontal component of speed because it a has no vertical component of speed to begin with b c d e none of the above is not acted on by any forces the net force acting on it is zero is not acted on by any horizontal forces a 0 units b 6 units c 8 units d 12 units 14 Which best approximates the resultant of a pair of 6 unit vectors at right angles to each other 15 A cannonball is fired at some angle into the air In the first second it moves 5 meters horizontally Assuming it doesn t hit the ground and air resistance is negligible how far does it move horizontally in the next second a More than 5 m b Less than 5 m c 5 m d Not enough information 16 A cannon with a barrel velocity of 140 m s launches a cannonball horizontally from a tower Neglecting air resistance how far vertically will the cannonball have fallen after 4 seconds a 80 m b 140 m c 560 m d 2240 m e none of the above 17 The astronomer Copernicus publicly stated in the 1500s that Earth 18 is the center of the solar system revolves around the sun is slowing down a does not move b c d moves in a straight line e If the force of gravity suddenly stopped acting on the planets they would a b c move in straight lines tangent to their orbits d e spiral slowly away from the sun fly straight away from the sun spiral slowly towards the sun continue to orbit the sun 19 Compared to its mass on Earth the mass of a 10 kg object on the moon is 20 You would have the largest mass of gold if your chunk of gold weighed 1 N on 21 Friction is a force that always acts a perpendicular to an object s motion b opposite to an object s motion c in the same direction as an object s motion 22 What is the minimum resultant possible when adding a 5 N force to an 8 N force 23 An apple weighs 1 N The net force on the apple when it is in free fall is the same a b more c less a Earth b c Jupiter the moon a 5 N b 3 N c 8 N d 13 N e 40 N a 0 N b 0 1 N c 1 N d 9 8 N e none of the above 24 A box is dragged without acceleration in a straight line path across a level surface by a force of 13 N What is the frictional force between the box and the surface a 13 N b Less than 13 N c More than 13 N d Need more information to say 25 Which of the following would exert the most pressure on the ground 26 a A woman standing in running shoes b A woman standing on skis c A woman standing in high heel shoes If the force acting on a cart doubles what happens to the cart s acceleration a b c d e It quarters It halves It stays the same It doubles It quadruples 27 Suppose a cart is being moved by a force If suddenly a load is dumped into the cart so that the cart s mass 28 A player hits a ball with a bat The action force is the impact of the bat against the ball What is the reaction to doubles what happens to the cart s acceleration a b c d e It quarters It halves It stays the same It doubles It quadruples this force a The force of the ball against …