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Link to EXAM 1 Study GuideLink to other Final Exam Study GuideLink to other class’s study guide 1. Jezebel and mammya. Jezebel: (female) Jezebel was the antithesis of the “true woman” or the Victorianideal of the “traditional cult of true womanhood” (white, demure, chaste, asexualalmost) which was lauded in American culture. Jezebel had primal sexual urgesand invited white men into her bed; ‘promiscuous’ and hypersexual. An authorsuggests this stereotype came from slavery times, when slave women wereforced to wear ragged clothing and had to work with their skirts hiked up. It alsodates back to mistaking African tribal dances and semi-nudity for lewdness. Also,the birth of ‘mulatto’ children furthered this myth; Jezebel justified white maleinfidelity, causing a rift between white and black women. Jezebel made it seemlike all relationships between white men and black women (esp during slaveryand reconstruction) were consensual - which they weren’t. b. Mammy: (female) Surrogate mistress/mother, loyal servant. She’s one of the“loved” slaves (by the owning family) and her presence made slavery seemrighteous. She looked fat, maternal-looking, a caregiver (especially to white kids,but often cruel/harsh to her own children), dark complexioned, unattractive,asexual. The height of this stereotype came in the mid-20th Century, especiallywith the fame of Gone With the Wind. Example: Aunt Jemima2. Multicultural Racism - SOMEONE PLEASE MAKE SURE THIS IS CORRECT: breakingracial groups into “good” and “bad”.. ie “good blacks” are the west indians and “bad blacks” in america (confirmed, I have the same in my notes)3. Dubois - He was considered the leader of the North for blacksa. He disagreed with BTW, believed in higher education (industria/classical and technical education).4. Slave Religion and sorrow songsa. Slave Religion: had three partsi. preacherii. musiciii. frenzyb. Sorrow Songs: A term coined by WEB du Bois in his book “The Souls of BlackFolk”. Sorrow songs were the music and songs sung by slaves, which tell ofdeath and longing of freedom. du Bois maintains that the songs represent blackculture; the souls of black people past and present, according to du Bois, areembedded in sorrow songs. political move to show that Blacks didn't actually likeslavery5. Individual resistanceSmall things that slaves would do such as burn the cotton, or ruin some of the resources. Attempt at poisoning the slave master ect small acts of resistance16. Booker T Washington: a. DuBois started from the middle, born in Massachusetts and went to school withwhites.b. Washington came from the South and was very humble as a rich businessman,which made the North, South, and blacks like him.c. his ideas won him admiration in the North and Southd. critics are hushed by his power and influencee. he was a compromiser.f. Gave the Atlanta Compromise Speech, it was the base speech for his career thatexplained how the blacks should compromise to Jim Crow while the white shouldlet the blacks evolve in industrial labor.g. wanted blacks to temporarily give up 3 things (as said by DuBois) *political power *civil rights *higher educationas a result blacks have been disfranchised, given civilly inferior status andinstitutions of higher learning for blacks have received less aid7. Maggie Lena Walker - first female bank president8. Order of Saint Luke - An Org. that gave out food etc. to needy9. Martin Luther King, Jr.Non violent Baptist Minister as well as Civil Rights leader10. Non Violent Campaign a. Collection of evidence - gather and understand the facts and evidence.b. Negotiations - Attempt to negotiatec. Self-purification - training of the mind and body.d. Direct action - non violent acts such as demonstrations, sit ins, marches...etc.11. Marcus Garvey: Marcus Garvey, leader of the UNIA, originally from Jamaica, supporteda back to Africa and pan-Africanism movement. He built an empire with the UNIA butreceived flak for meeting with KKK members and white supremacist Senator. Eventually,he was sued for fraud because his Black Star Line ship (to Africa) was a failure. Garveywas deported back to Jamaica after he was found guilty of fraud. 12. UNIA: The Universal Negro Improvement Association, started by Marcus Garvey. Thegoal was to transform racial segregation to benefit black people. Founded in Jamaica in1911, at it’s peak in 1920, there boasted almost 1 million members; and there was aUNIA chapter in almost every country with black people (USA, Jamaica, Venezuela,West Indies, etc). UNIA had its own businesses including newspaper “The Negro World”,attempted to purchase ship line intended to connect 3 Black hotspots 13. Black Star Line: Marcus Garvey’s ship he planned to have people sent to Africa on. Fraudulent activity was involved in buying the ship and he was sued for it.14. Cultural Nationalism - The Karenga group (US) - rivals to the BPP - were considered cultural nationalists - promoted bringing African Americans to their roots, to unbrainwash people (focus on more Afrocentric view rather than simply eurocentric. Karenga invented2Kwanzaa.15. Revolutionary Nationalism - The BPP were considered revolutionary nationalists - R.N’s place strong focus on the social welfare of the working classes.16. Liberal Integrationist: Liberal integrationists believe the education gap exists because of the “fear of acting white” 17. Liberal STRUCTURALISTS: need more ways from the government to protect those on welfare 18. Conservative Behaviorism: Lift yourself up by your bootstraps, stop being lazy, hard work, frugality19. The New Negro (Old Negro)20. Homophobiaa. A terror surrounding feelings of love for the same sex and thereby a hatred of those feelings in others21. Heterosexisma. A belief in the superiority of one form of loving above all others and thereby the right to dominance 22. Deserving/undeserving poor: some believe that there's the working poor and then the poor that are just lazy and that’s why they are poor.a) They've designed policies that are directed at the “undeserving poor” that have inadvertently affected the working poor.b) Policy making built on the belief that there’s a working poor that need help anda lazy, undeserving poor that are in their situation because of their own doing. These policies targeted


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UMD AASP 100 - Study Guide

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