UMD BSCI 105 - Principles of Biology Worksheets and Answers

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Principles of Biology Worksheets and AnswersChapters 2-4, 6Short Answer1. What are the cell components present in plant cells that are not found in animal cells?Cell Wall, vacuole, chloroplasts, tonoplasts2. Which cell component has its own unique DNA, 2 membranes and cristae?Mitochondria3. What are the three elements of the cytoskeleton and rank them in order of increasing diameter.Microfilaments < Intermediate Filaments < Microtubules4. An Oxygen atom, molecular weight 16, has ________ protons, _______ electrons and ________ neutrons. If one neutron is removed, this is called a(n) ____________. If an electron is removed, this is a(n) _________. Lastly, if a proton is removed, this atom becomes _________.8,8,8, isotope, ion, Nitrogen.5. If water is pH 7, how many times more basic is bleach (pH of 13)?1000000 times more basic.6. What is the difference between cohesion and adhesion, two of water’s properties? Which is involved with why some lizards can run on the surface of water?Adhesion is water’s affinity to stick to other objects while cohesion is its ability to stick to other water molecules. Cohesion is the reason for surface tension.Problem Solving1. Draw the electron shell of Silicon (atomic number 14). How many valence electrons does it have and how many electrons does it need to fill its outermost shell?Should have three rings, 1 of 2 electrons, 1 of 8 electrons, and 1 of 4 electrons spaced evenly around the atom. It has 4 valence electrons and needs 4 to complete its outermost shell.2. Create a rough sketch of a plant cell and label all the parts. 3. Imagine a NaCl molecule is dissolved in water. When this happens, the Na+ and Cl- atoms separate from each other and become surrounded by water molecules. Based on the polarity of water molecules, draw the alignment of water molecules around each atom. The water molecules surrounding the Na atom will have the O pointing in and the H pointing out and vice versa for the Cl atom.Week 2 JeopardyCell Organelles and Structure100- Name an organelle that is present in animal cells but not plant cells.A- Lysosomes, centrioles or flagella200- If something were travelling out of the nucleus, which organelle would it hit first? Be specificA- Rough ER300- Which organelle contains detoxification enzymes and is responsible for synthesizing lipids?A- Smooth ER400- Of the cytoskeletal elements, which has the the largest diameter?A- Microtubules500- What is a stack of thylakoids called?A- GranumBasic Chemistry I100- What are the three subatomic particles? Which is essentially massless?A- Proton, neutron, and electron. Electron200- If a proton loses a neutron, what is it called?A- An isotope300- The atomic weight of an element is 28 and it has 10 protons. How many neutrons does it have?A- 18400- The atomic number of an element is 46. How many valence electrons does it have? What kind of bonds would this most likely make?A- 4; covalent500- The polarity of a molecule is essential for what kinds of bonds?A- Hydrogen bondsBasic Chemistry II100- A substance of pH 4 is how many times more acidic than water?A- 1000 times more acidic200- A thiol has which functional group?A- Sulfhydryl300- Which of the chemical groups we studied is non polar?A- Methyl group400- What is the difference between cohesion and adhesion?A- Cohesion is the tendency for water to stick to other water molecules while adhesion is the tendency of water to stick to other surfaces.500- Why don’t sugars fully dissolve in water?A- They contain polar covalent bonds, which are not soluble.Carbs and Lipids100- The monomers of carbohydrates are what? Give an example.A- Monosaccharides. Glucose200- What bond is the result of dehydration synthesis occurring in lipids?A- An Ester linkage.300- What does amphipathic mean?A- Amphipathic describes a molecule that has both a polar and non polar end.400- Sterols contain how many carbon rings?A- 4 rings500- DAILY DOUBLE!A- Draw how phospholipids assemble in water.Protein and Nucleic Acids100- How many essential amino acids are there?A- 20200- Nucleic Acids are made up of what monomer?A- Nucleotides (A,C,G,T,U)300- What are the levels of protein conformations?A- Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary400- In tertiary protein structure, name two of the types of bonds interactions.A- Could be hydrogen, van der waals, ionic or disulfide.500- What is the bond that holds nucleotides together?A- Phosphodiester linkage.Plasma Membrane 100- What are the main components of the fluid mosaic model?A- Phospholipids and Proteins200- What do unsaturated fatty acids do in terms of the plasma membrane?A- Unsaturated fatty acids create “kinks” in the plasma membrane which cause it to become more fluid.300- Name two of the four roles that membrane proteins play.A- Could be transport, enzymatic activity, signal transduction or intercellular joining400- What kind of molecules are the most able to pass through the plasma membrane without the help of a transport protein?A- Hydrophobic molecules and small, uncharged, polar molecules500- Seals, who live in cold water, have an abundance of a sterol that allows them to keep their membranes fluid in low temperatures. What is this molecule called?A- CholesterolGSS Week 4 WorksheetFebruary 25- March 1Short Answer1. How do enzymes speed up reactions?They lower the activation energy of the reaction, making it easier to proceed.2. In what direction does diffusion occur, concentration-wise?From high to low concentration3. What does “selectively permeable” mean?It is a term that describes how membranes are permeable to some substances but not all.4. A cell that has a selectively permeable membrane that will not all salt to leave is within water and has an internal concentration of .5M NaCl. The cell is ________ to the water and the water is _______ to the cell. Water will move ________ the cell and NaCl will ____________ of the cell. The cell will swell or shrink?Hypertonic, hypotonic, into the cell, not move, swell5. What is the main difference between passive and active transport?Active transport requires energy while passive transport occurs spontaneously.6. What is Clathrin?Clathrin is the peripheral protein that coats the vesicles used in receptor-mediated endocytosis.7. What is the difference between enthalpy and entropy?Entropy is the tendency of the universe to become disorded and enthalpy is the energy contained in the chemical bonds of a molecule.Problem Solving1.


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UMD BSCI 105 - Principles of Biology Worksheets and Answers

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