Terms and topics for First Exam (Quiz): Fall 2011 History of Cognitive Neuroscience (Chapter 1, lecture 1 & 2) Mind-Body Problem Describe the differences and similarities between these views: o Dualism: Descartes’s view o Dual Aspect Theory of Monism o Reductionism View of Monism Localization vs. Holism Debate • Define: Localism and Holism Be able to describe the significance of the following events as they pertain to this debate: • Gall and Phrenology o What were some of the problems with phrenology? • Broca and Wernicke • Brodmann and Cytoarchetectonic maps • Flourens’ experiment on amativeness Be able to describe how these relate to modern views of brain organization: • Interactivity • Parallel processing vs. Serial Processing • Top-down vs. bottom-up processing? Principles of Experimental Design • Independent variable vs. Dependent Variable • Experimental Group vs. Control Group • What is a Sham Lesion and when might it be useful to use one? • What does it mean to “operationalize” a concept into a variable? Overview and Gross Neuroanatomy (Chapter 2 & Coursepack Readings) General divisions of labor in the brain and mind: • How are input, analysis, decision-making and output generally distributed in the brain? • Know the difference between afferent and efferent o What is transduction? Navigation in the brain and spinal cord Be able to use these terms to describe the relative position of one area to another: • Superior/inferior; dorsall/ventral • Anterior/posterior; rostral vs. caudal • Medial vs. Lateral CNS vs. PNS (including ANS and its subdivisions) • Know the general flow of information and functions of each division • What is the difference between the cranial nerves, spinal nerves and visceral/internal nerves in terms of what information they send to the brain? • What are the terms for cell bodies and bundles of axons in the CNS and PNS • Compare/contrast the Parasympathetic vs. Sympathetic ANS Know location (be able to identify on diagrams like those used in class) and major functions of the: • Cerebellum • Midbrain o Inferior and Superior Colliculi (which is visual and which is auditory?) • Thalamus o Lateral and Medial Geniculate Nuclei (which is visual and which is auditory?) • Hypothalamus • Basal ganglia • Limbic System (where are these located?): o Hippocampus o Amygdala White matter • What is white matter made of? • Understand the basic difference between inter-hemispheric vs. intra-hemispheric white matter • What/where is the corpus collosum? Grey matter of cerebral cortex • What are gyri and sulci in general? o What parts of the brain to these sulci/fissures separate? § Sylvian or Lateral Fissure/Sulcus § Central Sulcus • Here’s what you need to know about “the Lobes”: o Which Primary Sensory/Motor area is in each? § Know which is V1, A1, S1, M1 § What is the word used to describe the topographical organization of each? § Is the PNS input/output to these areas “crossed” when it gets to the CNS? o General functions of secondary/ association areas in each