Basic TheoriesIntroductionTopics of DiscussionAtoms & ElementsCompounds & MoleculesElectrons, Protons & NeutronsNewton’s Laws of MotionWork & ForceEnergyInertiaMomentumFrictionMass, Weight & VolumeTorquePowerConclusion….01/13/19 1Basic TheoriesA Fundamental Understanding01/13/19 2IntroductionBasic understanding essential when studying complex systems and components01/13/19 3Topics of DiscussionAtoms & ElementsCompounds & MoleculesElectrons, Protons and NeutronsNewton’s Law of MotionWork & ForceEnergyInertiaMomentumFrictionMass, Weight & VolumeTorquePower01/13/19 4Atoms & ElementsLiquids, Solids, & Gases made of AtomsAtoms can only be seen by an Electron MicroscopeElement is a substance made of only type of atom100 Elements exist01/13/19 5Compounds & MoleculesCompounds Contain more than two types of atomsWater – H20Molecules – Smallest particle of CompoundWater – 10 micronsGas – 5 micronsMicron = one thousandth of a millimeter01/13/19 6Electrons, Protons & NeutronsProtons – Pos. ChargedElectrons – Neg. ChargedNeutrons – No ChargeValence Ring01/13/19 7Newton’s Laws of MotionFirst LawA body in motion stays in motionA body at rest remains at rest.Second LawA body’s acceleration is directly proportional to the force applied to itA body moves in a straight line away from the forceThird LawFor every action there is an equal or opposite reaction01/13/19 8Work & ForceWork – Force moving mass a specific distanceForce measured in pounds, distance measured in feetThus, work is measured in foot-pounds (ft-lbs)Work is only accomplished when an object is started, stopped, or redirected by mechanical force01/13/19 9Energy The ability to do work.Energy released to do work – Kinetic Energy (energy in motion)Stored Energy – Potential Energy Energy can be created, but not destroyed, it can change statesSix Forms of Energy01/13/19 10 Chemical – Contained in molecules of different atoms (fuel)Electrical – required to move electrons through a conductor (Charging System)Mechanical – ability to move objects (Starting System)Thermal – energy produced by heat (Combustion Stroke)Radiant – light energy (Lighting Systems)Nuclear – Splitting or combining of atoms01/13/19 11InertiaStatic Inertia – Objects at restDynamic Inertia – Objects in motion01/13/19 12MomentumAn objects weight times its speedA force overcomes static inertia, (movement) gaining momentumA force overcomes dynamic inertia, slowing momentum01/13/19 13FrictionResistance to motionAs one object moves over surface of another object, creates friction and heatCoefficient of Drag – Total resistance to motion caused by friction between a moving object and air01/13/19 14Mass, Weight & VolumeMass – measurement of an objects inertiaWeight – measurement of gravitational pull on an objectVolume – measurement of space occupied by an object01/13/19 15TorqueA force that does work with a twisting, or turning forceExample – 10lbs of force on a 2 ft. wrench to tighten a bolt equals 20ft-lbs01/13/19 16PowerMeasurement of the rate or speed that work is performedHorsepower – one horse moving 330 lbs 100ft in one minute equals 33,000 ft-lbs of work per minute200 horsepower engine = 6,600,000 ft-lbs01/13/19