Contract with America 10 promises the Republican Party made to the public that they said they would carry out upon winning the house The contract did not make a difference to voters however the house did follow the contract once in power Double V Campaign Urged African Americans to support the war to achieve a double victory over both Hitler s racism abroad and the racism at home African Americans hope that by helping the military they will gain victory at home civil rights along with the nation s victory overseas Europe First Strategy was to the defeat of the Axis powers principally Germany and Italy in North Africa and Europe before mounting an all out effort to defeat the Japanese in the Pacific and Asia They pursued this because they believed that Germany posed a more serious threat than Japan did the strategy they used to beat Hitler 1968 Democratic Convention Held in a hotel in Chicago where delegates voted down a peace resolution when protesters gathered for a rally outside police beat arrested them to break up the crowd as the Violence was caught on film Affirmative Action Lyndon Johnson s executive order designed to correct the effects of past discrimination requirement by law that positive steps be taken to increase the number of minorities in business schools colleges and labor AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome first diagnosed in the US in 1981 had a very high mortality rate in the 1980s Alger Hiss was a U S State Department official involved in the establishment of the United Nations He was accused of being a Soviet spy in 1948 and convicted of perjury in connection with this charge in 1950 U S State Department official involved in the establishment of the United Nations Americans with Disabilities Act Passed by Congress in 1991 this act banned discrimination against the disabled ex HIV Hepatitis in employment and mandated easy access to all public and commercial buildings Baby Boom people born in the US between 1946 and 1964 this post war era allowed for better education employment peace and prosperity increasing higher rates of both marriage and fertility Barry Goldwater the Republican Party s nominee for President in the 1964 election He was also a Major General in the U S Air Force Reserve He was known as Mr Conservative Goldwater is the politician most often credited for sparking the resurgence of the American conservative political movement in the 1960s Goldwater rejected the legacy of the New Deal and fought inside the conservative coalition to defeat the New Deal coalition Goldwater ran a conservative campaign part of which emphasized states rights Although he had supported all previous federal civil rights legislation Goldwater made the decision to oppose the Civil Rights Act of 1964 His stance was based on his view that the act was an intrusion of the federal government into the affairs of states and second that the Act interfered with the rights of private persons to do business or not with whomever they chose Despite his ardent opposition to segregation and his broad support for civil rights his puritanical libertarianism would not allow him to support what he perceived to be an illegitimate interference with liberty Battle of Midway June 1942 Japan was planning another Pearl Harbor attack Americans stop Japs at Midway Sink 4 Jap aircraft carriers Turning point of Pacific war Military Battle Midway was an American Island near Hawaii with key American airfield Japanese targeted the island hoping to draw all of US fleet from Pearl Harbor US knew the attack was coming and crippled the Japanese fleet This battle turned the tide of war in the Pacific Bay of Pigs Invasion in 1961 an attempt by Cuban exiles in southern Cuba to overthrow the Cuban socialist government of Fidel Castro the effort was funded by the U S and was famously disastrous 1961 CIA plot in 1961 to overthrow Fidel Castro by training Cuban exiles to invade and supporting them with American air power The mission failed and became a public relations disaster early in John F Kennedy s presidency Berlin Airlift Joint effort by the US and Britain to fly food and supplies into West Berlin Germany after the Soviet blocked off all ground routes into the city Successful effort by the United States and Britain to ship by air 2 3 million tons of supplies to the residents of the Western controlled sectors of Berlin from June 1948 to May 1949 in response to a Soviet blockade of all land and canal routes to the divided city During WWII Bill Clinton Test known as the president who survived impeachment after a sex scandal A moderate Democrat in 1992 he defeated the incumbent George Bush for the U S presidency His first term was characterized by a strong economic recovery and in 1996 he beat Republican Bob Dole and was re elected His second term was dominated by scandal accusations of corruption and investigations into rumors of his marital infidelity Clinton was accused of committing perjury and obstruction of justice in his attempt to cover up an extra marital affair with a White House intern Black Panthers Malcolm X s ideas influenced a new generation of militant AA leaders who preached black power Black Nationalist and economic self sufficiency In 1966 in Oakland a group called the Black Panther Party for Self Defense was formed They considered themselves the heirs of Malcolm X and they recruited most of their members from poor urban communities across the nation Black Panthers believed revolution was necessary in the US and urged AA s to arm them and confront white society in order to force whites to grant them equal rights Braceros Mexican workers that were brought to America to work when so many men and women were gone from home during World War II that there weren t enough workers US government negotiated an agreement with Mexico in July 1942 to import braceros to relieve labor shortages in agriculture caused by conscription and the movement of rural workers to city factories they were classified as foreign laborers rather than as immigrants Brown v Topeka Board of Education Ruled that segregation of schools was illegal violated 14th amendment Supreme Court case that ruled that laws requiring racially segregated schools were unconstitutional Showed the power of the Supreme Court over state courts in 1954 the Supreme Court reversed the 1896 Plessey v Ferguson decision that established the separate but equal doctrine The Brown decision found segregation in schools inherently unequal and in