Nadelyn Pichardo Perkins Ling 100 800 4 30 13 Dead languages no living native speakers people die language dies intentional historical political can be reversed language resurrectio Hebrew Cornish NA indigenous Sociolinguistics how language affects society and vice versa Power Conflict theory who wins who loses What counts as language aspects of language who decides how define Accent differences in phonetics individuals large segments of population pronunciation dialect differences in pronunciation and other aspects of a language accent is a subcategory of dialect Dialect Continuum neighbors understand each other farther away geographically means less understanding to the point of mutually intelligibility other A language collection of mutually intelligible dialects could just be one people can understand each Pidgin a way of communicating across non mutually intelligible languages usually for trade simplify almost every aspect of the languages involved agree on what will work agreements happen because they work phonetic get rid of rare sounds phonologically no variations morphologically almost none reduplication syntax simple clauses main clauses semantics very little in word variation very few synonyms discourse not much of this just for trade pragmatics not much negotiate everything rather than assuming a lot of space in between Creole pidgin language with native speakers phonetics more elements phonology variation drives addition of new sounds morphology more distinctions introduced syntax dependent clauses semantics develop shades of meaning develop more synonyms discourses beyond sentence for everyday interactions educations school paper pragmatics shared speech community with shared assumptions sociolinguistic society around the pidgin Measuring mutual intelligibility can be tricky sometimes people just don t want to get along lie about linguistic understanding Hindu Urdu sometimes people exaggerate mutual intelligibility political consideration a language is a dialect with an army and a navy works one way but no the other spanish and portuguese Speech Communities group of people who speak a language dialect some level of common interaction Communicative Isolation usually geographic but can happen for other reasons stereotypes Language and power and conflict Demographic stuff age gender sex education level socioeconomic stuff appearance ways to be powerful young old men women rich poor traditional gender non traditional gender majority minority ethnicity education average intelligence say we value old young socially politically average exceptional sociable introverts Any european dialect outranks any north american dialect education manners courtesy intelligence witty economic status social status