Conima Peru Cultural anthropology of music Nationalism Identity Ethnicity Video clip Peru Making the strange familiar and the familiar strange Book lays out general principals that apply to case studies around the world Egalitarianism emphasizing the community They were all faced towards each other No one broke into a solo Some people playing pan pipe and drum at the same time Consort people playing the same instrument tropa Everyone was wearing the same clothing representing uniformity Hocket two different people sharing the melody by alternating notes Cyclical repetitivest o Facilitates participation because it s easy to play The fact that it sounds out of tune from our perspective is important to the culture Loose intonation they weren t in tune with each other Everyone was playing the same melody Consistent drum beat Dense breathy sound Video French Different melody String instruments Tuning sounds what we re used too Presentational Stock phrases Short parts of a tune that are used in a lot of different tunes Wayno lento long drawn out stock phrase Wayno ligero faster chuta chuta o Rapid succession of notes o Encourages participation by making pieces easy to learn Choclo similar to wayno ligero fast chuta chuta different kind of percussion uses bass drum and snare drum Conima Peru Describe 5 general features of Andean indigenous music wind ensambles music and explain how each feature encourages participation Give specific examples to support your answers Indigenous Native americans of peru Music is native Primarily a cultural category You can t tell if someone is or not it s based on lifestyle Following cultural and traditions of original people on land Not decided by blood but how people act and feel about the matter Ayllu indigenous community traditional form of community in andes Aymara and quechua Europeans came Alyllu Eqalatarianism Indigenous languages and language Languages spoken in that part of latin America before the Indigenous community To be indigenous you must be alyllu it s more then language Equality Non heiarchy To be part of the community you have to be part of the community life There is a structure No one can force anyone to do something Communitarianism Stressing community identity above all the others More important then individual identity Conflict avoidance Common property shared property Translated as guide How to become a guia pretend like you don t want to be one Director of ensemble Guia Siku Pinkillu Tarka Type of panpipe Requinteando Like a wooden recorder flute played in the rain season playing in the high pitch Andean instrument Looks like a recorder Thick sounding Very loud Pitu Parallel polyphony All play the same melody at different levels Different pitches levels Encourages participation because errors aren t noticable Cloaking function Flexible intonation Dense harmony to hide the individual Sounds out of tune to me Wants to sound slightly off Innate musical talent Some people are good at music and some people aren t less common in other cultures Places that have a lot of value on participatory music don t believe that people are good not good at music o They don t because they want lots of people to participate o They don t want to create a hierarchy Context specific musical traditions Wind instruments are seasonal o Pan pipes are the dry season and not played outside of that o Rainy season instruments have a beak the tarka and the pinkillu Indigenous Rural Andies Women sing very high pitched Sound like a screeching cat is a compliment Flexible intonation Traditions are not static Everything is positive or negative Between boys and girls are indirect Instruments charango Double or triple string Steel strings rather than nylon used First big purchase a boy makes for courting Sirena to seduce Localization your own Dance festival Tuta kashuna night dance o After prom o Not chaperoned o No anthropologists allowed invited Punchay kashuna day dance o Prom Taking a technology or a genre and adopting it and then making it o Get a dance for the night dance o Chaperoned by adults Dance in a circle for less intimidation at first o Shows unity Lyrics are metaphoric but just barely o Potatoes flowers wearing someone s hat Leads to trial marriage where they live together Music facilitates social interaction bonds community Characteristics of protest song singing Melodies are often taken from well known north American tunes Lyrics are simple repetitive and often have ABCB or ABAB rhyming o Songs written to fit the tune that is chosen not the other way format around Songs include specific examples of people places issues in them o Referencing company they re striking against boss of company place of protest Dense harmony o Andean wind ensembles people don t play at the same time and in exact same encourages participation because errors aren t noticeable and makes people less nervous about key tune jumping in Jumping in Flexible intonation Over blowing created an airier denser noise less defined Small differences are important Consistent rhythmic groove easier to learn and dance Said to display the raw emotion of the people involved Also as people stood on the picket lines for longer periods of time your voice would get horse Loud volume o Louder you are better the group is Consistent rhythm Why do people sing during protests Strengthen social bonds Show company and others that they are united solidarity Calm protesters down non violent Re emphasize particular goals of the strike Highlight particular actions o As scabs drive by people that fill in for people on strike o People sitting on roads so trucks cannot get through Raise support form local community Raise financial and political support elsewhere 09 04 2013 Indigenous Criollos Mestizos Agricultural community Value egalitarianism and communitarianism American born Spanish Synonym for white race in Peru Associated with the elite people who had the best jobs in power Associated with the capitol city in Peru Lima People of Spanish descent but born in America Value individualism and capitalism Mixture Racial category Becomes a cultural category over time How you live your life values lifestyle Cultural categories are always defined in relation to each other Originally racial but became cultural Value individualism and capitalism Intermediate category Indigenismo Has to do with mestizos and criollos interests in indigenous issues Lacked national unity all divisions Indigenous people don t think they re